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COMMON ALLERGIES AND ALLERGENS IN ORAL AND PERIORAL DISEASES. | LitMetric

COMMON ALLERGIES AND ALLERGENS IN ORAL AND PERIORAL DISEASES.

Acta Clin Croat

1Department of Dermatovenereology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia; 2School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; 3Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia; 4Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.

Published: June 2020

AI Article Synopsis

  • - Allergic reactions may contribute to oral diseases, highlighting the importance of assessing allergens related to dental materials.
  • - Common allergens in dentistry include dental alloys (especially those with nickel and cobalt), rubber, and acrylates, leading to various oral reactions like lichenoid lesions and perioral dermatitis.
  • - Patch testing is essential for diagnosing and identifying allergies, particularly in patients with a history of symptoms after dental work, and should be paired with a thorough review of medical histories for effective treatment planning.

Article Abstract

Allergic reactions sometimes participate in the development of perioral and oral diseases, indicating the need for appropriate allergen assessment. This review discusses current knowledge on the potential allergic reactions to different dental materials in patients with oral and perioral diseases. Aside from allergies to various dental materials, similar non-allergic, non-immune contact reactions (irritant or toxic) can occur. Among dental materials, the most frequent allergens are alloys, followed by rubber materials, polymers and acrylates. Allergic reactions to dental alloys that contain nickel, cobalt and amalgam are especially frequent since dentists use them for prosthetic and other restorations. There is a broad spectrum of clinical presentations of oral and perioral diseases possibly related to allergies, such as lichenoid reactions, cheilitis, perioral dermatitis, burning sensations, etc. Despite some limitations, patch test is crucial in the diagnosis and recognition of causative allergens because it reveals contact allergies, and is still superior in differentiating allergic and irritant contact reactions. It is important to examine patient medical histories (e.g., occurrence of symptoms after dental therapy or food consumption), and in consultation with their dentist, carry out allergy tests to specific dental allergens which are used or planned to be used in subsequent treatment.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7808231PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.20471/acc.2020.59.02.16DOI Listing

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