Background: Although atopic dermatitis (AD) often presents in infancy and persists into adulthood, comparative characterization of AD skin among different pediatric age groups is lacking.
Objective: We sought to define skin biopsy profiles of lesional and nonlesional AD across different age groups (0-5-year-old infants with disease duration <6 months, 6-11-year-old children, 12-17-year-old adolescents, ≥18-year-old adults) versus age-appropriate controls.
Methods: We performed gene expression analyses by RNA-sequencing and real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and protein expression analysis using immunohistochemistry.
Results: T2/T22 skewing, including IL-13, CCL17/thymus and activation-regulated chemokine, IL-22, and S100As, characterized the common AD signature, with a global pathway-level enrichment across all ages. Nevertheless, specific cytokines varied widely. For example, IL-33, IL-1RL1/IL-33R, and IL-9, often associated with early atopic sensitization, showed greatest upregulations in infants. T17 inflammation presented a 2-peak curve, with highest increases in infants (including IL-17A and IL-17F), followed by adults. T1 polarization was uniquely detected in adults, even when compared with adolescents, with significant upregulation in adults of IFN-γ and CXCL9/CXCL10/CXCL11. Although all AD age groups had barrier abnormalities, only adults had significant decreases in filaggrin expression. Despite the short duration of the disease, infant AD presented robust downregulations of multiple barrier-related genes in both lesional and nonlesional skin. Clinical severity scores significantly correlated with T2/T22-related markers in all pediatric age groups.
Conclusions: The shared signature of AD across ages is T2/T22-skewed, yet differential expression of specific T2/T22-related genes, other T pathways, and barrier-related genes portray heterogenetic, age-specific molecular fingerprints.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9285652 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2021.01.001 | DOI Listing |
Sphingolipids are an essential lipid component of the skin barrier with alterations in skin sphingolipid composition associated with multiple skin disorders including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and ichthyosis. Contributions to skin sphingolipid abundance are not well characterized, thus the main method of modulating skin lipid levels is the topical application of creams rich with sphingolipids at the skin surface. Evidence that diet and gut microbiome function can alter skin biology proposes an intriguing potential for the modulation of skin lipid homeostasis through gut microbial metabolism, but potential mechanisms of action are not well understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe levels of biogenesis of lysosome organelles complex 1 subunit 1 (BLOC1S1) control mitochondrial and endolysosome organelle homeostasis and function. Reduced fidelity of these vacuolar organelles is increasingly being recognized as important in instigating cell-autonomous immune cell activation. We reasoned that exploring the role of BLOC1S1 in CD4 T cells, may further advance our understanding of regulatory events linked to mitochondrial and/or endolysosomal function in adaptive immunity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Inflamm Res
January 2025
Department of Dermatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
Background: Dupilumab is a safe and effective treatment for moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD), but real-world data in pediatric patients in China are limited. Currently, there is no exploration of changes in blood cell counts derived indexes in pediatric patients, especially under 6 years old.
Purpose: To investigate the changes in blood cell counts derived indexes before and after dupilumab treatment in Chinese children with AD, the relationship with clinical scores, and the potential role of these indexes on treatment efficacy.
Immune Netw
December 2024
Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
Sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC) is one of sphingomyelin-derived sphingolipids. SPC levels are increased in ascitic fluids of ovarian cancer patients and stratum corneum of atopic dermatitis (AD) patients. SPC has antitumor activity against several cancer cells by reducing proliferation and migration and increasing apoptosis .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExp Dermatol
January 2025
Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
While recent studies have demonstrated the involvement of the skin and gut microbiome in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD), the influence of pharyngeal microbiota on AD remains unclear. This study aims to explore disparities in the composition of pharyngeal flora among AD patients and their potential role in the pathogenesis of AD. Between March and May 2023, 30 patients with AD at the outpatient department of Jiangsu Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital were recruited, along with 20 healthy subjects, underwent 16S rRNA sequencing on pharyngeal swabs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!