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Hydroxycitric acid reconstructs damaged articular cartilages by modifying the metabolic cascade in chondrogenic cells.
Osteoarthr Cartil Open
March 2025
Department of Regeneration Sciences and Engineering, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
Objective: Osteoarthritis, a degenerative joint disease, requires innovative therapies due to the limited ability of cartilage to regenerate. Since mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) provide a cell source for chondrogenic cells, we hypothesize that chemicals capable of enhancing the chondrogenic potential of MSCs with transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) in vitro may similarly promote chondrogenesis in articular cartilage in vivo.
Design: Chemical compounds that enhance the TGFβ signaling for chondrogenesis were investigated utilizing mesenchymal stem cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells.
Exosomes and microRNAs as mediators of the exercise.
Eur J Med Res
January 2025
School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), also known as microribonucleic acids, are small molecules found in specific tissues that are essential for maintaining proper control of genes and cellular processes. Environmental factors, such as physical exercise, can modulate miRNA expression and induce targeted changes in gene transcription. This article presents an overview of the present knowledge on the principal miRNAs influenced by physical activity in different tissues and bodily fluids.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of Acute Aerobic Exercise on Skeletal Muscle and Liver Glucose Metabolism in Male Rodents with Type 1 Diabetes.
Can J Physiol Pharmacol
January 2025
Western University Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Kinesiology, London, Ontario, Canada.
Aerobic exercise (AE) is associated with a significant hypoglycemia risk in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). However, the mechanisms in the liver and skeletal muscle governing exercise-induced hypoglycemia in T1DM are poorly understood. This study examined the effects of a 60-minute bout of AE on hepatic and muscle glucose metabolism in T1DM rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of 24-Hour Diet- or Exercise-Induced Energy Availability Manipulations on Substrate Utilization and Performance.
Med Sci Sports Exerc
November 2024
Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, AUSTRALIA.
Purpose: To examine sex-based differences in substrate oxidation, postprandial metabolism, and performance in response to 24-hour manipulations in energy availability (EA), induced by manipulations to energy intake (EI) or exercise energy expenditure (EEE).
Methods: In a Latin Square design, 20 endurance athletes (10 females using monophasic oral contraceptives and 10 males) undertook five trials, each comprising three consecutive days. Day one was a standardized period of high EA; EA was then manipulated on day two; post-intervention testing occurred on day three.
Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Wearable Devices to Identify Central Versus Peripheral Limitations During Exercise.
J Vis Exp
December 2024
Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Department of Kinesiology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile;
Article Synopsis
- The gold standard for measuring aerobic capacity in athletes is the VO2-max test, but it doesn't provide insights into muscular metabolic changes.
- Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a new technology that measures local oxygen levels in tissues, helping assess both breathing costs and muscle workload during exercise.
- By analyzing changes in oxygen levels and tissue saturation, coaches and exercise physiologists can identify limitations in endurance training, improving athletic performance through tailored strategies.
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