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The Impact of Air Pollution on Cardiovascular Health Outcomes in African Populations: A Scoping Review.
JACC Adv
December 2024
Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Background: Air pollution is a significant environmental risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), but its impact on African populations is under-researched due to limited air quality data and health studies.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to synthesize available research on the effects of air pollution on CVDs outcomes in African populations, identify knowledge gaps, and suggest areas for research and policy intervention.
Methods: A systematic search of PubMed was conducted using terms capturing criteria ambient air pollutants (for example particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and sulfur dioxide) and CVDs and countries in Africa.
Trends in Ethnic Disparities in Stroke Care and Long-Term Outcomes.
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
Importance: Reducing the burden of stroke is a public health priority. While higher stroke incidence among ethnic minority populations (defined in the context of this study as individuals who are not White) is well established, reports on ethnic inequalities in care or outcomes are conflicting and often limited to hospital-admitted patients and short-term outcomes.
Objective: To investigate ethnic differences in stroke care and outcomes up to 5 years after stroke and describe temporal trends and contributory factors.
Oxidative Stress in Kidney Injury and Hypertension.
Antioxidants (Basel)
November 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Hypertension (HTN) is a major contributor to kidney damage, leading to conditions such as nephrosclerosis and hypertensive nephropathy, significant causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). HTN is also a risk factor for stroke and coronary heart disease. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) play critical roles in causing kidney injury in HTN.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The long-term impact of opioid use disorder (OUD) on brain health has been little explored although of potentially high public health importance.
Objectives: To investigate the potential causal impact of OUD on later life brain health outcomes, including dementia, stroke and brain structure.
Methods: Observational and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were conducted.
The Cumulative Burden of Social Risk Factors and 10-Year Change in Quality of Life.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci
December 2024
Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Background: Social risk factors are linked to adverse health outcomes, but their total impact on long-term quality of life is obscure. We hypothesized that a higher burden of social risk factors is associated with greater decline in quality of life over 10 years.
Methods: We examined associations between social risk factors count and decline >5 points in (i) physical component summary, and (ii) mental component summary scores from the Short Form-12 among Black and White participants in the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke study (n = 14 401).
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