Digital micro-mirror devices (DMDs) are a popular alternative to liquid crystal spatial light modulators for laser beam shaping due to their relatively low cost, high speed, and polarization and wavelength independence. Here we describe in detail how to convert a low-cost digital light projector (DLP) evaluation module that uses a Texas Instruments DLP4710 DMD into a spatial light modulator using a 3D printed mount. The resulting device is shown to accurately shape Laguerre-Gauss modes, is able to operate in real-time over HDMI without modification with a 180 Hz hologram refresh rate, and has a resolution of 1920×1080 pixels and diagonal screen size of 0.47 inches (11.9 mm).
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/AO.412729 | DOI Listing |
Rev Sci Instrum
January 2025
Applied and Adaptive Optics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695547, Kerala, India.
In the present work, we propose an experimental setup to investigate the effect of atmospheric turbulence on user-defined beams. The user-defined beams were formed by writing reconfigurable patterns on a spatial light modulator, allowing the impact of atmospheric turbulence to be investigated simultaneously and in real time. The programmable controllability provides several flexibilities to the system, such as the ability to create different beam types simultaneously, control the separation between different beams, compensate for aberrations, and easily switch between different beam types.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpatial transcriptomics data analysis integrates gene expression profiles with their corresponding spatial locations to identify spatial domains, infer cell-type dynamics, and detect gene expression patterns within tissues. However, the current spatial transcriptomics analysis neglects the multiscale cell-cell interactions that are crucial in biology. To fill this gap, we propose multiscale cell-cell interactive spatial transcriptomics (MCIST) analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Chim Acta
February 2025
Department of Radiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Changhai Road 168, Shanghai 200433, China. Electronic address:
Background: Lysosomes, as an indispensable subcellular organelle have numerous physiological functions closely associated with HS and viscosity, and accurate assessment of HS/viscosity fluctuations in lysosomes is essential for gaining a comprehensive understanding of lysosome-related physiological activities and pathological processes. The previous single-response fluorescent probes for either HS or viscosity alone have the potential to generate "false positive" signals in a complex biological environment. In contrast, dual-locked probes can simultaneously respond to multiple targets simultaneously, which could effectively eliminate this defect.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
Center for Synaptic Neuroscience, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.
The lack of effective therapies for visual restoration in Retinitis pigmentosa and macular degeneration has led to the development of new strategies, such as optogenetics and retinal prostheses. However, visual restoration is poor due to the massive light-evoked activation of retinal neurons, regardless of the segregation of visual information in ON and OFF channels, which is essential for contrast sensitivity and spatial resolution. Here, we show that Ziapin2, a membrane photoswitch that modulates neuronal capacitance and excitability in a light-dependent manner, is capable of reinstating, in mouse and rat genetic models of photoreceptor degeneration, brisk and sluggish ON, OFF, and ON-OFF responses in retinal ganglion cells evoked by full-field stimuli, with reactivation of their excitatory and inhibitory conductances.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Nano
January 2025
Institute of Photonics and of Nanotechnologies- National Researcher Council (IFN-CNR), LNESS Laboratory, Piazza Leonardo Da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy.
Manipulating the optical landscape of single quantum dots (QDs) is essential to increase the emitted photon output, enhancing their performance as chemical sensors and single-photon sources. Micro-optical structures are typically used for this task, with the drawback of a large size compared to the embedded single emitters. Nanophotonic architectures hold the promise to modify dramatically the emission properties of QDs, boosting light-matter interactions at the nanoscale, in ultracompact devices.
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