AI Article Synopsis

  • Researchers transplanted human neural precursor cells from stem cells into the brains of mice and rats, observing that the cells successfully survived and differentiated for about a month before being rejected.
  • The transplants lasted longer in NOD-SCID mice, which have a compromised immune system, suggesting that immune tolerance played a role in cell survival.
  • Mixing the human cells with partially differentiated cells or a cellular extract from adult rat cerebellum improved the longevity of the transplants, indicating that adjusting the developmental stage of the cells may enhance immune tolerance during transplantation.

Article Abstract

We xeno-transplanted human neural precursor cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells into the cerebellum and brainstem of mice and rats during prenatal development or the first postnatal week. The transplants survived and started to differentiate up to 1 month after birth when they were rejected by both species. Extended survival and differentiation of the same cells were obtained only when they were transplanted in NOD-SCID mice. Transplants of human neural precursor cells mixed with the same cells after partial in vitro differentiation or with a cellular extract obtained from adult rat cerebellum increased survival of the xeno-graft beyond one month. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the slower pace of differentiation of human neural precursors compared to that of rodents restricts induction of immune-tolerance to human antigens expressed before completion of maturation of the immune system. With further maturation the transplanted neural precursors expressed more mature antigens before the graft were rejected. Supplementation of the immature cells suspensions with more mature antigens may help to induce immune-tolerance for those antigens expressed only later by the engrafted cells.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7803978PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79502-9DOI Listing

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