There are two molecular processes that are essential for living bodies to maintain their life: the molecular recognition, and the self-organization or self-assembly. Binding of a substrate by an enzyme is an example of the molecular recognition, while the protein folding is a good example of the self-organization process. The two processes are further governed by the other two physicochemical processes: solvation and the structural fluctuation. In the present article, the studies concerning the two molecular processes carried out by Hirata and his coworkers, based on the statistical mechanics of molecular liquids or the RISM/3D-RISM theory, are reviewed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26020271 | DOI Listing |
Nat Commun
December 2024
ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Department of Systems Biology for Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Thiamine and pyridoxine are essential B vitamins that serve as enzymatic cofactors in energy metabolism, protein and nucleic acid biosynthesis, and neurotransmitter production. In humans, thiamine transporters SLC19A2 and SLC19A3 primarily regulate cellular uptake of both vitamins. Genetic mutations in these transporters, which cause thiamine and pyridoxine deficiency, have been implicated in severe neurometabolic diseases.
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December 2024
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
The general control non-repressible 5 (GCN5)-related N-acetyltransferase (GNAT) SbzI, in the biosynthesis of the sulfonamide antibiotic altemicidin, catalyzes the transfer of the 2-sulfamoylacetyl (2-SA) moiety onto 6-azatetrahydroindane dinucleotide. While most GNAT superfamily utilize acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) as substrates, SbzI recognizes a carrier-protein (CP)-tethered 2-SA substrate. Moreover, SbzI is the only naturally occurring enzyme that catalyzes the direct incorporation of sulfonamide, a valuable pharmacophore in medicinal chemistry.
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December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
The faithful charging of amino acids to cognate tRNAs by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (AARSs) determines the fidelity of protein translation. Isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase (IleRS) distinguishes tRNA from tRNA solely based on the nucleotide at wobble position (N34), and a single substitution at N34 could exchange the aminoacylation specificity between two tRNAs. Here, we report the structural and biochemical mechanism of N34 recognition-based tRNA discrimination by Saccharomyces cerevisiae IleRS (ScIleRS).
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December 2024
Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
ZAP is an antiviral protein that binds to and depletes viral RNA, which is often distinguished from vertebrate host RNA by its elevated CpG content. Two ZAP cofactors, TRIM25 and KHNYN, have activities that are poorly understood. Here, we show that functional interactions between ZAP, TRIM25 and KHNYN involve multiple domains of each protein, and that the ability of TRIM25 to multimerize via its RING domain augments ZAP activity and specificity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSignal Transduct Target Ther
December 2024
Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Hemostaseology and Medical Intensive Care, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), Heidelberg University, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
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