Mating systems have profound effects on genetic diversity and compatibility. The convergent evolution of self-fertilization in three species provides a powerful lens to examine causes and consequences of mating system transitions. Among the selfers, is the least genetically diverse and most afflicted by outbreeding depression. We generated a chromosomal-scale genome for and surveyed global diversity. Population structure is very strong, and islands of extreme divergence punctuate a genomic background that is highly homogeneous around the globe. Outbreeding depression in the laboratory is caused largely by multiple Medea-like elements, genetically consistent with maternal toxin/zygotic antidote systems. Loci with Medea activity harbor novel and duplicated genes, and their activity is modified by mito-nuclear background. Segregating Medea elements dramatically reduce fitness, and simulations show that selfing limits their spread. Frequent selfing in may therefore be a strategy to avoid Medea-mediated outbreeding depression.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7853720 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.62587 | DOI Listing |
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