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Magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) has been widely investigated as a treatment tool for cancer and other diseases. However, focusing traditional MFH to a tumor deep in the body is not feasible because the wavelength of 300 kHz very low frequency (VLF) excitation fields is longer than 100 m. Recently we demonstrated that millimeter-precision localized heating can be achieved by combining magnetic particle imaging (MPI) with MFH. In principle, real-time MPI imaging can also guide the location and dosing of MFH treatments. Hence, the combination of MPI imaging plus real time localized MPI-MFH could soon permit closed-loop high-resolution hyperthermia treatment. In this review, we will discuss the fundamentals of localized MFH (e.g. physics and biosafety limitations), hardware implementation, MPI real-time guidance, and new research directions on MPI-MFH. We will also discuss how the scale up to human-sized MPI-MFH scanners could proceed.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02656736.2020.1853252 | DOI Listing |
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