Enzyme immobilization can increase enzyme reusability to reduce cost of industrial production. Ginkgo biloba leaf extract is commonly used for medical purposes, but it contains ginkgolic acid, which has negative effects on human health. Here, we report a novel approach to solve the problem by degrading the ginkgolic acid with immobilized-laccase, where core/shell composite nanoparticles prepared by coaxial electrospraying might be first applied to enzyme immobilization. The core/shell FeO/nylon 6,6 composite nanoparticles (FNCNs) were prepared using one-step coaxial electrospraying and can be simply recovered by magnetic force. The glutaraldehyde-treated FNCNs (FNGCNs) were used to immobilize laccase. As a result, thermal stability of the free laccase was significantly improved in the range of 60-90 °C after immobilization. The laccase-immobilized FNGCNs (L-FNGCNs) were applied to degrade the ginkgolic acids, and the rate constants (k) and times (τ) were ~0.02 min and lower than 39 min, respectively, showing good catalytic performance. Furthermore, the L-FNGCNs exhibited a relative activity higher than 0.5 after being stored for 21 days or reused for 5 cycles, showing good storage stability and reusability. Therefore, the FNGCNs carrier was a promising enzyme immobilization system and its further development and applications were of interest.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.004 | DOI Listing |
Vaccines (Basel)
January 2025
Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
Background: Nucleoside-modified mRNA encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as a promising vaccine strategy, especially for COVID-19. While the LNPs protect mRNA from degradation and efficiently deliver the mRNA to antigen-presenting cells, the effect of lipid composition on the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of mRNA/LNP vaccines is not well characterized. Studies on using the mRNA/LNP platform for vaccines have largely focused on the nucleic acid cargo with less attention paid to the LNP vehicle.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanomaterials (Basel)
January 2025
School of Communication and Information Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China.
The SnO@BiO core-shell heterojunction structure was designed and synthesized via a hydrothermal method, and the structure and morphology of the synthesized samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Based on the conclusions from XRD and SEM, it can be observed that as the hydrothermal temperature increases, the content of BiO coated on the surface of SnO spheres gradually increases, and the diameter of BiO nanoparticles also increases. At a hydrothermal temperature of 160 °C, the SnO spheres are fully coated with BiO nanoparticles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanomaterials (Basel)
January 2025
Graduate School of Energy Convergence, Institute of Integrated Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) has been extensively studied as a precursor for nitrogen-doped carbon (NC) materials due to its high surface area, tunable porosity, and adjustable nitrogen content. However, the intrinsic microporous structure of the ZIF-8 limits mass transport and accessibility of reactants to active sites, reducing its effectiveness in electrochemical applications. In this study, a soft templating approach using a triblock copolymer was used to prepare mesoporous ZIF-8-derived NC (Meso-ZIF-NC) samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanomaterials (Basel)
January 2025
Guangdong Key Laboratory of Materials and Equipment in Harsh Marine Environment, School of Ocean Engineering, Guangzhou Maritime University, Guangzhou 510725, China.
Metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) hydrogen sensors offer advantages, such as high sensitivity and fast response, but their challenges remain in achieving low-cost fabrication and stable operation at room temperature. This study investigates Nb-doped TiO (NTO) thin films prepared via a one-step micro-arc oxidation (MAO) with the addition of NbO nanoparticles into the electrolyte for room-temperature hydrogen sensing. The characterization results revealed that the incorporation of NbO altered the film's morphology and phase composition, increasing the Nb content and forming a homogeneous composite thin film.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanomaterials (Basel)
January 2025
School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China.
The development of copper-based materials with a high efficiency and low cost is desirable for use in iodine (I) remediation. Herein, Cu-nanoparticles-functionalized, ZIF-8 (Zeolite Imidazole Framework-8)-derived, nitrogen-doped carbon composites (Cu@Zn-NC) were synthesized by ball milling and pyrolysis processes. The as-prepared composites were characterized using SEM, BET, XRD, XPS, and FT-IR analyses.
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