[Dental complications of the mandibular distraction osteogenesis].

The Aim Of The Study: Was to reveal the prevalence of dental abnormalities in children after mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO).

Materials And Methods: The study comprised 75 children aged 5-16 years (42 boys and 33 girls, mean age 9.8±4.2 years) who underwent MDO because of mandible underdevelopment associated with hemifacial microsomia (=42), Robin syndrome (=6), Treacher Collins syndrome (=6), Hallermann-Streiff syndrome (=1) or acquired conditions (=16). The mean age at MDO was 6.3±4.4 years. Controls involved 25 children with mandibular underdevelopment (19 with hemifacial microsomis, 4 - with Robin syndrome and 2 with Treacher Collins syndrome, mean age 6.7±3.6 years) receiving orthodontic treatment and with no history of MDO.

Results: In the study group abnormalities of lower molars were revealed in 42 children from 75. The prevalence of the affected first and second molars was 24.7% and 20.5%, respectively. Every tenth child (9.6%) had disorders of both molars. The risks for the first molar developmental defects after MDO was 12 times higher than in controls (OR=12.4; CI=95%). In 21 children delayed eruption or impaction of the first molars was observed. Second molars abnormalities more often included germs displacement and follicular cyst formation (OR=10.4). The age at MDO was significantly higher in children with no dental abnormalities (<0.01).

Conclusion: MDO is associated with significant risk of molars disorders. The younger a child is at MDO the more probable and prominent are the dental complications.