Tc-UBI 29-41 bone SPECT/CT scan in craniofacial : Misdiagnosis of cranial bone tumor - A case report.

Background: Actinomycosis is a rare infection, frequently misdiagnosed as a neoplasia. This chronic and granulomatous disease is caused by species. Cervicofacial actinomycosis occurs in 60% of cases and the diagnosis is commonly made by histopathology study.

Case Description: We report a case of fronto-orbital osteomyelitis initially misdiagnosed as a cranial bone meningioma, but later proved to be a case of actinomycosis. Technetium (Tc) three-phase bone single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) and Tc-ubiquicidin (UBI) 29-41 bone SPECT/CT scans were performed to corroborate the control of the infection.

Conclusion: Craniofacial actinomycosis is the most common presentation of actinomycosis. However, it continues to be a rare and difficult disease to diagnose and is often confused with a neoplastic process. The Tc-UBI 29-41 bone SPECT/CT scan could be an auxiliary noninvasive diagnostic alternative and a follow-up method for these patients.