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Endocrine Treatment for Breast Cancer Patients Revisited-History, Standard of Care, and Possibilities of Improvement.
Cancers (Basel)
November 2021
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
Purpose Of Review: Due to the findings of current studies and the approval of novel substances for the therapy of hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer patients, the established standards of endocrine treatment are changing. The purpose of this review is to give an overview of the history of endocrine treatment, to clarify its role in the present standard of care, and to discuss the possibilities of improvement.
Recent Findings: Tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors, and fulvestrant are the main drugs that have been used for decades in the therapy of hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer patients.
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Care Cancer Institute, Hyderabad, India.
Fulvestrant revisited: efficacy and safety of the 500-mg dose.
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CRUK Department of Medical Oncology, University of Manchester, Christie Hospital NHS Trust, Wilmslow Road, Manchester, UK.
Postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive advanced breast cancer are candidates for endocrine therapy. As the disease will eventually progress in most patients, it is important to investigate agents with novel modes of action to reduce the likelihood of treatment cross-resistance. Fulvestrant is an estrogen receptor antagonist with no known agonist effects that has been shown to be as effective as anastrozole following failure on tamoxifen, at the approved dose of 250 mg/mo.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA critical review of fundamental controversies in the field of GPR30 research.
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The female sex hormone estradiol plays an important role in reproduction, mammary gland development, bone turnover, metabolism, and cardiovascular function. The effects of estradiol are mediated by two classical nuclear receptors, estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) and estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta). In 2005, G-protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) was claimed to act as a non-classical estrogen receptor that was also activated by the ERalpha and ERbeta antagonists tamoxifen and fulvestrant (ICI 182780).
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