This article shows the isolated and combined effects of pesticides on animals. It is known that depending on the dose and duration of exposure to various xenobiotics, the same substances, different effects can occur in the body. At the same time, the main types of combined action include the effects of summation or additive action, potentiation or synergism, as well as antagonism. From here, there may be direct or indirect disorders in humans and animals. Of great interest is the neurotoxic effect of synthetic pyrethroid insecticides, a representative of which is sumi-alpha. They have been shown to have low toxicity, but have severe neurotoxic symptoms when accumulated in the nervous system. Nicotine is one of the main toxic components of tobacco (tobacco dust). The influence of chlorinated tenoxtitlan, which include herbicide lontrel on the organism of warm-blooded animals and humans are not yet fully understood. The study found that when intoxicated with herbicides of this group, there is a decrease in the level of metabolic processes, a violation of the functions of the endocrine glands (primarily the adrenal cortex and thyroid gland) and the nervous system. Taking into account the above, and also taking into account the lack of information about the effect of a complex of pesticides on the adaptive function of the body, this study showed that in the case of combined poisoning of animals, additivity took place.
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Pediatr Infect Dis J
December 2024
From the Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Introduction: Central nervous system (CNS) infections represent some of the most critical pediatric health challenges, characterized by high mortality rates and a notable risk of long-term complications. Despite their significance, standardized guidelines for endocrinological follow-up of CNS infection survivors are lacking, leading to reliance on the expertise of individual centers and clinicians.
Materials And Methods: Prospective monocentric observational study conducted at the Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli in Rome, Italy.
Noise Health
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey.
Background: Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) experience difficulties in understanding speech in noise despite having normal hearing.
Aim: This study aimed to determine the relationship between speech discrimination in noise (SDN) and medial olivocochlear reflex levels and to compare MS patients with a control group.
Material And Methods: Sixty participants with normal hearing, comprising 30 MS patients and 30 healthy controls, were included.
Neurology
January 2025
Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
Background And Objectives: Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) represents the ability of cerebral blood vessels to regulate blood flow in response to vasoactive stimuli and is related to cognition in cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative conditions. However, few studies have examined CVR in the medial temporal lobe, known to be affected early in Alzheimer disease and to influence memory function. We aimed to examine whether medial temporal CVR is associated with memory function in older adults with and without mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe central nervous system (CNS) tumor with embryonal tumors type is a rare type of CNS tumor with lack of unifying genetic alterations or diagnostic markers. The CNS tumor-embryonal tumors (CETs) have limited therapeutic options with high probability of adverse events associated with conventional treatment. Identification of somatostatin receptor expression and/or prostate-specific membrane antigen expression in CET patients by using PET/CT imaging may be helpful for deciding therapeutic approaches in these patients as theranostics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioconjug Chem
January 2025
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
Nanobodies play an increasingly prominent role in cancer imaging and therapy. However, their efficacy is often constrained by inadequate tumor penetration and rapid clearance from the bloodstream, particularly in brain tumors due to the intractable blood-brain barrier (BBB). Glycosylation is a favorable strategy for modulating the biological functions of nanobodies, including permeability and pharmacokinetics, but it also leads to heterogeneous glycan structures, which affect the targeting ability, stability, and quality of nanobodies.
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