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Gut Microbiota Participates in Antithyroid Drug Induced Liver Injury Through the Lipopolysaccharide Related Signaling Pathway. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Antithyroid drugs like methimazole and propylthiouracil can change the composition of gut microbiota, which might be linked to liver injuries caused by these medications.
  • In a study, patients with Graves' disease were split into two groups to receive different antithyroid treatments, while animal studies were conducted to observe similar effects on gut microbiota and liver function.
  • Results showed that taking these drugs led to changes in gut microbiota and increased markers of liver injury, supporting the idea that disrupted gut microbiota could contribute to drug side effects due to increased intestinal permeability.

Article Abstract

Drugs can alter the gut microbiota structure, and gut microbiota dysbiosis in turn is correlated with drug side effects through the intestinal endotoxemia hypothesis. Whether antithyroid drugs (including methimazole and propylthiouracil) cause gut microbiota dysbiosis and whether the gut microbiota is correlated with antithyroid drugs induced liver injury is unknown. Initial Graves' disease patients were randomly divided into the methimazole group ( = 20) and the propylthiouracil group ( = 20) and were followed up every 2 weeks; 50 healthy controls were also included. The structure and function of gut microbiota were compared from the cross sectional and longitudinal levels. The correlation between the gut microbiota and clinical parameters was also determined. In addition, Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allotted into six groups, including four drug groups, which received daily doses of methimazole (1.5 mg/kg/day; 2.5 mg/kg/day) or propylthiouracil (7.5 mg/kg/day; 12.5 mg/kg/day) by oral gavage, and two control groups received the vehicle. In addition to the indexes mentioned above, intestinal barrier-related indexes were also performed. Cross sectional and longitudinal comparison results from both clinical trials and animal studies indicate that antithyroid drugs altered gut microbiota structure; and the liver function related indexes all increased which correlated with gut microbiota. In addition, lipopolysaccharide-related pathways and the lipopolysaccharide concentration in feces and serum all increased after antithyroid drugs administration. These results consistent with the destroyed intestinal barrier in animal study after antithyroid drugs administration. We verified that antithyroid drugs altered gut microbiota structure and that the gut microbiota may in turn be correlated with antithyroid drugs-induced liver injury through the intestinal endotoxemia hypothesis.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7774100PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2020.598170DOI Listing

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