The use of diagnostic radiography has doubled in the past two decades. Image Gently (children) and Image Wisely (adults) are multidisciplinary initiatives that seek to reduce radiation exposure by eliminating unnecessary procedures and offering best practices. Patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate less than 30 mL per minute per 1.73 m2 may have increased risk of nephropathy when exposed to iodinated contrast media and increased risk of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis when exposed to gadolinium-based contrast agents. American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria can help guide specific diagnostic imaging choices. Noncontrast head computed tomography is the first-line modality when a stroke is suspected. Magnetic resonance imaging stroke protocols and computed tomography perfusion scans can augment evaluation and potentially expand pharmacologic and endovascular therapy timeframes. Imaging should be avoided in patients with uncomplicated headache syndromes unless the history or physical examination reveals red flag features. Cardiac computed tomography angiography, stress echocardiography, and myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (nuclear stress test) are appropriate for patients with chest pain and low to intermediate cardiovascular risk and have comparable sensitivity and specificity. Computed tomography pulmonary angiography is the preferred test for high-risk patients or those with a positive d-dimer test result, and ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy is reserved for patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate less than 30 mL per minute per 1.73 m2 or a known contrast allergy. Computed tomography with intravenous contrast is preferred for evaluating adults with suspected appendicitis; however, ultrasonography should precede computed tomography in children, and definitive treatment should be initiated if positive. Ultrasonography is the first-line modality for assessing right upper quadrant pain suggestive of biliary disease. Mass size and patient age dictate surveillance recommendations for adnexal masses. Imaging should not be performed for acute (less than six weeks) low back pain unless red flag features are found on patient history. Ultrasonography should be used for the evaluation of suspicious thyroid nodules identified incidentally on computed tomography.
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Sleep Breath
January 2025
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No.1 Da Hua Road, Dong Dan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, PR China.
Purpose: To investigate the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) severity and fat, bone, and muscle indices.
Methods: This study included 102 patients with OSAHS and retrospectively reviewed their physical examination data. All patients underwent polysomnography, body composition analysis, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, computed tomography (CT) and blood test.
Clin Oral Investig
January 2025
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, Nijmegen, 6525, GA, the Netherlands.
Objectives: To assess the effect of patient positioning and general anesthesia on the condylar position in orthognathic surgery.
Materials And Methods: This prospective study included patients undergoing orthognathic surgery between 2019 and 2020. Four weeks prior to surgery (T0) cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans and intra-oral scans (IOS) were acquired in an upright position.
Tissue Eng Regen Med
January 2025
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 172 Dolma-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, Republic of Korea.
Background: Traditionally, dental implants require a healing period of 4 to 9 months for osseointegration, with longer recovery times considered when bone grafting is needed. This retrospective study evaluates the clinical efficacy of demineralized dentin matrix (DDM) combined with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) during dental implant placement to expedite the osseointegration period for early loading.
Methods: Thirty patients (17 male, 13 female; mean age 55.
Foot Ankle Int
January 2025
Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Background: To provide improved treatment for hallux valgus (HV), we sought to understand more about the pathophysiologic connection between flatfoot deformity and HV by comparing coronal plane alignment of the medial column of the foot for patients with isolated HV, isolated flatfoot, and combined HV-flatfoot vs controls.
Methods: This study retrospectively assessed a consecutive series of 33 patients with combined symptomatic and radiographic HV and flatfoot, 33 isolated symptomatic HV, 33 isolated symptomatic flatfoot, and 33 controls. The medial column alignment was assessed in the coronal plane using 3-dimensional weightbearing computed tomography (WBCT); rotation was measured for the navicular, medial cuneiform, and first metatarsal (M1).
J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle
January 2025
Department of Medical Oncology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France.
Background: Advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (aPDAC) is often accompanied by significant muscle mass loss, contributing to poor prognosis. SarcAPACaP, an ancillary study of the GERCOR-APACaP phase III trial, evaluated the role of adapted physical activity (APA) in aPDAC Western patients receiving first-line chemotherapy. The study aimed to assess (1) the potential impact of computed tomography (CT)-quantified muscle mass before and during treatments on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and overall survival (OS) and (2) the role of APA in mitigating muscle mass loss.
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