Resistance is a key determinant in interactions between hosts and their parasites. Understanding the amount and distribution of variation in this trait between strains can provide insights into (co)evolutionary processes and their potential to shape patterns of diversity in natural populations. Using controlled inoculation in experimental mass cultures, we investigated the quantitative variation in resistance to the bacterial parasite across a worldwide collection of strains of its ciliate host . We combined the observed variation with available information on the phylogeny and biogeography of the strains. We found substantial variation in resistance among strains, with upper-bound values of broad-sense heritability >0.5 (intraclass correlation coefficients). Strain estimates of resistance were repeatable between laboratories and ranged from total resistance to near-complete susceptibility. Early (1 week post inoculation) measurements provided higher estimates of resistance heritability than did later measurements (2-3 weeks), possibly due to diverging epidemiological dynamics in replicate cultures of the same strains. Genetic distance (based on a neutral marker) was positively correlated with the difference in resistance phenotype between strains ( = 0.45), essentially reflecting differences between highly divergent clades (haplogroups) within the host species. Haplogroup A strains, mostly European, were less resistant to the parasite (49% infection prevalence) than non-European haplogroup B strains (28%). At a smaller geographical scale (within Europe), strains that are geographically closer to the parasite origin (Southern Germany) were more susceptible to infection than those from further away. These patterns are consistent with a picture of local parasite adaptation. Our study demonstrates ample natural variation in resistance on which selection can act and hints at symbiont adaptation producing signatures in geographic and lineage-specific patterns of resistance in this model system.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7767928PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.603046DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

variation resistance
16
resistance
10
strains
9
geographic lineage-specific
8
lineage-specific patterns
8
patterns resistance
8
estimates resistance
8
haplogroup strains
8
parasite
5
variation
5

Similar Publications

Metagenomic insights into the resistome, mobilome, and virulome of dogs with diverse lifestyles.

Anim Microbiome

December 2024

School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Background: Dogs-whether pets, rural, or stray-exhibit distinct living styles that influence their fecal microbiota and resistomes, yet these dynamics remain underexplored. This study aimed to analyze and compare the fecal microbiota and resistomes of three groups of dogs (37 pets, 20 rural, and 25 stray dogs) in Shanghai, China.

Results: Metagenomic analysis revealed substantial differences in fecal microbial composition and metabolic activities among the dog groups.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

In Salmonella Typhimurium, efflux pump proteins, such as AcrD actively expel drugs and hazardous chemicals from bacterial cells, resulting in treatment failure and the emergence of antibiotic-resistant variants. Focusing on AcrD may lead to the development of novel antimicrobials against multidrug-resistant bacteria. However, challenges persist in achieving high selectivity, low toxicity, and effective bacterial penetration.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Comparative efficacy of anaerobic digestion systems in removing antimicrobial resistance genes from swine wastewater.

J Hazard Mater

December 2024

Technology Innovation Center for Food Safety Surveillance and Detection (Hainan), Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya 572025, China; National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China. Electronic address:

Swine farm wastewater is a major reservoir of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). Anaerobic digestion (AD), widely implemented in farms, has been extensively studied for ARG removal. However, a comparative study on ARG removal efficiency across the four principal AD systems - up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB), continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR), buried biogas digester (BBD), and septic tank (SPT) - is lacking.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Novel structural variants that impact cell cycle genes are elucidated in metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

Pathol Res Pract

December 2024

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10065,  USA; Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 413 East 69th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA. Electronic address:

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal neoplasm of the digestive tract. Despite multiple therapeutic advances, patients with advanced disease frequently develop resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), and therefore represent a therapeutic challenge. We employed whole genome sequencing (WGS) on three metastatic GISTs refractory to various TKIs and explored a publicly available cohort of 499 GISTs.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Clinical and metagenomic predicted antimicrobial resistance in pediatric critically ill patients with infectious diseases in a single center of Zhejiang.

Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob

December 2024

Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3333 Binsheng Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat to pediatric health; therefore, precise identification of pathogens as well as AMR is imperative. This study aimed at comprehending antibiotic resistance patterns among critically ill children with infectious diseases admitted to pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and to clarify the impact of drug-resistant bacteria on the prognosis of children.

Methods: This study retrospectively collected clinical data, identified pathogens and AMR from 113 children's who performed metagenomic next-generation sequencing for pathogen and antibiotic resistance genes identification, and compared the clinical characteristic difference and prognostic effects between children with and without AMR detected.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!