[Analysis of pathogen spectrum and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens associated with hospital-acquired infections collected from 11 teaching hospitals in 2018].

To investigate the spectrum and antimicrobial resistance of major pathogens causing nosocomial infections in China, 2018. Non-duplicated nosocomial cases as well as pathogens causing bloodstream infections (BSI), hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and intra-abdominal infections (IAI) from 11 teaching hospitals across China were collected. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of clinically significant strains were determined by agar dilution method or broth microdilution method. The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M100-S29 criteria were used for interpretation, and the WHONET-5.6 software was used in data analysis. A total of 1 590 cases were collected, including 831 cases from BSI, 450 cases from HAP and 309 cases from IAI. The most prevalent pathogens causing BSI were (29.2%, 243/831), (16.2%, 135/831) and (10.1%, 84/831); the most prevalent pathogens causing IAI were (26.2%, 81/309), (15.5%, 48/309) and (13.3%, 41/309); while (24.7%, 111/450), (20.7%, 93/450) and (16.2%, 73/450) were dominated in HAP. All were susceptible to tigecycline, linezolid, daptomycin and glycopeptides; 77.8% (105/135) of strains were susceptible to ceftaroline. Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) accounted for 29.6% (40/135) of all the , and was lower than the accounted rate of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative (MRCNS) (83.7%, 41/49). One strain (1.1%, 1/95) resistant to vacomycin and teicoplanin and one strain (2.3%, 1/43) resistant to linezolid was found. The prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) was 56.1% (193/344) in and 22.1% (55/249) in ; the rate of carbapenem resistant and was 4.1% (14/344) and 22.9% (57/249), respectively; the percentage of ceftazidime/avibactam resistant and was 2.3% (8/344) and 2.0% (5/249), respectively; the percentage of colistin resistant and was 1.5% (5/344) and 7.6% (19/249), respectively; no and strains were found resistant to tigecycline. The rate of carbapenem resistant and were 78.9% (146/185) and 36.7% (66/180), respectively. showed low susceptibility to the antimicrobial agents except colistin (99.5%, 184/185) and tigecycline (91.4%, 169/185). Colistin, amikacin and ceftazidime/avibactam demonstrated high antibacterial activity against with susceptility rate of 100% (180/180), 93.3% (168/180) and 85.6% (154/180), respectively. Nosocomial Gram-negative pathogens show high susceptibilities to tigecycline, colistin and ceftazidime/avibactam . Antimicrobial resistance in is a serious problem. The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant has increased, which should be monitored continuously in China.