The vascular endothelium is the innermost layer of blood vessels and is a key regulator of vascular tone. Endothelial function is controlled by receptor signaling through G protein-coupled receptors, receptor tyrosine kinases and receptor serine-threonine kinases. The β-arrestins, multifunctional adapter proteins, have the potential to regulate all of these receptor families, although it is unclear as to whether they serve to integrate signaling across all of these different axes. Notably, the β-arrestins have been shown to regulate signaling by a number of receptors important in endothelial function, such as chemokine receptors and receptors for vasoactive substances such as angiotensin II, endothelin-1 and prostaglandins. β-arrestin-mediated signaling pathways have been shown to play central roles in pathways that control vasodilation, cell proliferation, migration, and immune function. At this time, the physiological impact of this signaling has not been studied in detail, but a deeper understanding of it could lead to the development of novel therapies for the treatment of vascular disease.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11010009 | DOI Listing |
Sci Adv
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
Until now, Hippo pathway-mediated nucleocytoplasmic translocation has been considered the primary mechanism by which yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) transcriptional coactivators regulate cell proliferation and differentiation via transcriptional enhanced associate domain (TEAD)-mediated target gene expression. In this study, however, we found that TAZ, but not YAP, is associated with the Golgi apparatus in macrophages activated via Toll-like receptor ligands during the resolution phase of inflammation. Golgi-associated TAZ enhanced vesicle trafficking and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines in M1 macrophage independent of the Hippo pathway.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFShock
February 2025
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China.
Background: Ubiquitination and deubiquitination are involved in the progression of human diseases, including acute pneumonia. In this study, we aimed to explore the functions of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 9X-linked (USP9X) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated WI-38 cells. Methods: WI-38 cells were treated with LPS to induce the cellular damage and inflammation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Transl Med
January 2025
Department of Interventional Oncology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapies have revolutionized the landscape of cancer treatment, in particular in the context of hematologic malignancies. However, for solid tumors that lack tumor-specific antigens, CAR-T cells can infiltrate and attack nonmalignant tissues expressing the CAR target antigen, leading to on-target, off-tumor toxicity. Severe on-target, off-tumor toxicities have been observed in clinical trials of CAR-T therapy for solid tumors, highlighting the need to address this issue.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Physical Culture Institute Ludong University, City Yantai, Shandong Province, China.
The target of rapamycin(TOR)gene is closely related to metabolism and cellular aging, but it is unclear whether the TOR pathways mediate endurance exercise against the accelerated aging of skeletal muscle induced by high salt intake. In this study, muscular TOR gene overexpression and RNAi were constructed by constructing MhcGAL4/TOR-overexpression and MhcGAL4/TORUAS-RNAi systems in Drosophila. The results showed that muscle TOR knockdown and endurance exercise significantly increased the climbing speed, climbing endurance, the expression of autophagy related gene 2(ATG2), silent information regulator 2(SIR2), and pparγ coactivator 1(PGC-1α) genes, and superoxide dismutases(SOD) activity, but it decreased the expression of the TOR gene and reactive oxygen species(ROS) level, and it protected the myofibrillar fibers and mitochondria of skeletal muscle in Drosophila on a high-salt diet.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Plant Pathol
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China.
Cotton Verticillium wilt (VW) is often a destructive disease that results in significant fibre yield and quality losses in Gossypium hirsutum. Transferring the resistance trait of Gossypium barbadense to G. hirsutum is optional but challenging in traditional breeding due to limited molecular dissections of resistance genes.
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