Background: Storage of packed red blood cells (PRBC) for 42 days causes morphological, structural, and functional changes in the red cells. To assess the quality of stored PRBC, it is important to evaluate the main components of the product. The aim of this study was to evaluate the kinetics of the structural transformations in the cytoskeleton of red cells during long-term storage (up to 42 days).
Materials And Methods: Bags of PRBC were stored with CPD/SAGM solution at +4 °C. Cytoskeletal parameters were measured on days 3, 12, 19, 21, 24, 28, 35, and 42 of storage to determine their changes. Atomic force microscopy was used to obtain images and analyse the parameters of the cytoskeletal network. As the storage time increased, a general PRBC test was performed. Membrane fixatives were not used at any stage of the preparation of the specimens for cytoskeletal imaging.
Results: When PRBC were stored for 42 days, the main changes to the cytoskeletal mesh included rupture of filaments, merger of small pores into larger ones, a decrease of the number of pores, thickening of filaments, and an increase of membrane stiffness. A process of irreversible changes to the cytoskeleton started on days 19-21. A kinetic model of changes in the parameters of the cytoskeletal mesh with time of PRBC storage was created.
Discussion: Two stages of impairment in cytoskeletal elements were found: rupture of filaments and clustering of protein components. The typical time of development and specifics of these stages are discussed. The consequences of the altered configuration of the cytoskeleton are also discussed. Destruction of the red cell cytoskeleton can have a negative effect on the efficacy of blood transfusion and increase the risk of post-transfusion complications. Our findings can be used in clinical medicine to evaluate the quality of PRBC for blood transfusion as well as for studies of the molecular organisation of red cells undergoing various types of physical and chemical treatment.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2450/2020.0220-20 | DOI Listing |
STAR Protoc
December 2024
School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA. Electronic address:
Plant vacuoles are essential organelles that respond to developmental and environmental signals. Here, we present a protocol for staining the vacuole lumen in Arabidopsis root cells, enabling precise visualization of vacuolar dynamics. We describe steps for preparing plant material and staining with commonly used fluorescent dyes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrends Biotechnol
December 2024
Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS-HK Joint Lab of Biomaterials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; Sino-Euro Center of Biomedicine and Health, Shenzhen 518024, PR China. Electronic address:
Despite the excellent advantages of biomicrorobots, such as autonomous navigation and targeting actuation, effective penetration and retention to deep lesion sites for effective therapy remains a longstanding challenge. Here, we present dual-engine cell microrobots, which we refer to as PR-robots, created by conjugating photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) with red blood cells (RBCs). The robots penetrate the tumor interior in swarms through combined hypoxic traction and ultrasound actuation (UA).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Chem
December 2024
In vitro and in vivo Nutritional and Toxicological Analysis Lab, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil.; Bioactivity & Applications Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.. Electronic address:
The jabuticaba tree leaf, considered an agro-food by-product or waste, was evaluated as a potential unconventional ingredient of bioactive compounds. Its hydroalcoholic extracts were assessed for the phenolic chemical profile by LC-QQQ-MS and antioxidant capacity pre- and post-gastrointestinal digestion (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc
December 2024
Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China. Electronic address:
Nitric oxide (NO) is a key signaling molecule that regulates energy metabolism, apoptosis, and antioxidant balance within mitochondria. It is closely associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Therefore, developing fluorescent probes capable of accurately detecting NO levels in mitochondria is essential for understanding disease mechanisms and clinical diagnostics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParasit Vectors
December 2024
Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.
Background: Malaria remains a critical disease. Leucinostatins from the fungus Purpureocillium lilacinum inhibited the transmission of Plasmodium falciparum to mosquitoes via contact.
Methods: Here, we modified the leucinostatin B (LB) C-terminus to make derivatives and examined their inhibition against malaria transmission to mosquitoes.
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