Evaluation of In-patients with Iron Deficiency Anemia in terms of Etiology.

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to evaluate in-patients with iron deficiency anemia concerning etiology.

Methods: In our study, we retrospectively evaluated 150 in-patients (60 male and 90 female) with iron deficiency anemia in Sisli Etfal Hospital, Department of Internal Diseases between 2005 and 2010. Anemia was defined as Hb <12 g/dl for women and <13 g/dl for men and transferrin saturation ≤15%.

Results: In our study, 60 male and 90 female patients were included. Analyzing the etiology of iron deficiency anemia in 150 patients, we identified erosive gastritis in 35 (23.3%) patients, gastric cancer in 15 (10%) patients, colon polyps in 14 (9.3%) patients, erosive gastritis in 14 (9.3%) patients, myoma in 14 (9.3%) patients, diverticulosis in 13 (8.6%) patients, colon cancer in seven (4.6%) patients, menometrorrhagia in seven (4.6%) patients, malabsorption in six (4%) patients, hemorrhoids in six (4%) patients, celiac disease in four (2.6%) patients, bladder cancer in three (2%) patients, hematologic malignancy in three (2%) and other diseases (unexplained etiology) in 23 (15.3%) patients.

Conclusion: When iron deficiency anemia is detected, it may be a warning of an underlying severe illness. Reasons for many cases arise from upper and lower gastrointestinal tract diseases. Endoscopic examinations are important for diagnosis. We suggest performing gastroscopy and colonoscopy together in patients with iron deficiency anemia.