There is increasing evidence for the therapeutic effectiveness of Interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) in malignant diseases. However, the antitumor mechanisms of IFN-alpha are not known. Using two examples, hairy Cell leukemia (HCL) and renal cell cancer (RCC), it is shown that the requirements for successful IFN-alpha therapy of HCL and RCC are different. In HCL low doses of IFN-alpha are sufficient to treat the disease. The reduction of hairy cells in peripheral blood is detectable within the first week of treatment. The endogenous IFN-alpha production in these patients is impaired as demonstrated by the lack of IFN-alpha induction and by low levels of 2-5 oligoadenylate synthetase in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. A possible reason for deficient endogenous IFN-alpha production is the lack of monocytes in HCL patients. It is likely that therapy with low doses of IFN-alpha substitutes for the endogenous IFN-alpha deficiency. In RCC comparatively high doses of IFN-alpha are necessary for a clinical response. There may be differences between the effectiveness of natural and recombinant alpha interferons. High doses given within a week seem to be more important than high single doses, which therefore suggests the need of daily treatment. Responses of RCC to IFN-alpha therapy are usually seen several months after the beginning of therapy. These differences in the effectiveness of IFN-alpha therapy for HCL and RCC suggest that IFN-alpha acts differently in the treatment of each disease.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(19880115)61:2<288::aid-cncr2820610217>3.0.co;2-0 | DOI Listing |
PLoS Pathog
January 2025
Liver Diseases Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America.
HBV genotype A has two major subtypes, A1 (commonly in Africa) and A2 (commonly in Europe) with only 4% nucleotide differences. Individuals infected with these two subtypes appear to have different clinical manifestations and virologic features. Whether such a difference results from the virus or host has not been established.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Invest Dermatol
January 2025
Sorbonne Université, Faculté de médecine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Dermatologie et Allergologie, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses-Paris (CIMI PARIS), INSERM U1135, Paris, France.
Viruses
December 2024
Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 48, I-50134 Florence, Italy.
Background: Understanding the interference patterns of respiratory viruses could be important for shedding light on potential strategies to combat these human infectious agents.
Objective: To investigate the possible interactions between adenovirus type 2 (AdV2), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and influenza A/H1N1 pandemic (H1N1pdm09) using the A549 cell line.
Methods: Single infections, co-infections, and superinfections (at 3 and 24 h after the first virus infection) were performed by varying the multiplicity of infection (MOI).
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan.
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) express Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) in the endosomes, recognize viral single-stranded RNA (ssRNA), and produce significant amounts of interferon (IFN)-α. Bovine lactoferrin (LF) enhances the response of IFN regulatory factors followed by the activation of IFN-sensitive response elements located in the promoter regions of the gene and IFN-stimulated genes in the TLR7 reporter THP-1 cells in the presence of R-848, a TLR7 agonist. In ex vivo experiments using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, LF enhances IFN-α levels in the supernatant in the presence of R-848.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt Immunopharmacol
January 2025
Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. Electronic address:
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