The clinical presentation of COVID-19 due to infection with SARS-CoV-2 is highly variable with the majority of patients having mild symptoms while others develop severe respiratory failure. The reason for this variability is unclear but is in critical need of investigation. Some COVID-19 patients have been labelled with 'happy hypoxia', in which patient complaints of dyspnoea and observable signs of respiratory distress are reported to be absent. Based on ongoing debate, we highlight key respiratory and neurological components that could underlie variation in the presentation of silent hypoxaemia and define priorities for subsequent investigation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/JP280769 | DOI Listing |
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi
October 2024
Institute of Basic Medicine, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100091, China National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology Beijing 100091, China.
This study investigated the mechanism by which ginsenoside Rg_(1 )attenuates hypoxia/reoxygenation(H/R) injury in HL-1 cardiomyocytes by inhibiting the acetylation of ATP synthase subunit alpha(ATP5A1) through silent information regulator 3(SIRT3). In this study, an H/R injury model was constructed by hypoxia for 6 h and reoxygenation for 2 h in HL-1 cardiomyocytes. First, the optimal effective concentration of ginsenoside Rg_1 was determined using a cell viability assay kit.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmaceuticals (Basel)
November 2024
Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Silent information regulator sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is an NAD+-dependent deacetylase with potent anti-arterial aging activities. Its protective function in aging-related diseases has been extensively studied. In the microcirculation, SIRT1 plays a crucial role in preventing microcirculatory endothelial senescence by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress while promoting mitochondrial function and optimizing autophagy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiagnostics (Basel)
October 2024
Luton & Dunstable University Hospital, Lewsey Road, Luton LU4 0DZ, UK.
The diaphragm is the primary muscle of respiration. Here, we disclose a fascinating patient's perspective that led, by clinical reasoning alone, to a novel mechanism of spontaneous respiratory arrests termed diaphragm cramp-contracture (DCC). Although the 7-year-old boy survived its paroxysmal nocturnal "bearhug pain apnea" episodes, essentially by breathing out to breathe in, DCC could cause sudden unexpected deaths in children, especially infants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPeptides
November 2024
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji 133-002, China; Cellular Function Research Center, Yanbian University, Yanji 133-002, China. Electronic address:
The mammalian cardiac myocytes not only synthesize and secrete atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), but also express cholecystokinin (CCK) and its receptors (CCKR and CCKR). However, atrial CCK expression patterns and its effects on ANP secretion during hypoxia are unclear. Therefore, this study is aimed to investigate the effect of hypoxia on the expression levels of CCK and its receptors, as well as the underlying mechanisms involved in regulating hypoxia-induced ANP secretion in isolated beating atria.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHematology
December 2024
Departments of Internal Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
Background: Inherited hemoglobin disorders are common in clinical practice. While qualitative (i.e.
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