AI Article Synopsis
- Tregs play a key role in managing immune responses and maintaining balance, but their overactivity can worsen chronic infections by suppressing necessary immune reactions.
- In cattle infected with a specific pathogen, there is a noted increase in regulatory T cells (Tregs) and higher levels of the immunosuppressive cytokine TGF-β1 compared to uninfected cattle.
- TGF-β1 reduces the activation of T cells and production of Th1 cytokines, indicating that elevated Tregs and TGF-β1 may weaken the immune system, making the host more vulnerable to further infections.
Article Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) regulate immune responses and maintain host immune homeostasis. Tregs contribute to the disease progression of several chronic infections by oversuppressing immune responses via the secretion of immunosuppressive cytokines, such as transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and interleukin-10. In the present study, we examined the association of Tregs with infection, in which immunosuppression is frequently observed. Compared with uninfected cattle, the percentage of Tregs, CD4CD25Foxp3 T cells, was increased in . -infected cattle. Additionally, the plasma of . -infected cattle contained the high concentrations of TGF-β1, and . infection induced TGF-β1 production from bovine immune cells in cultures. Finally, we analyzed the immunosuppressive effects of TGF-β1 on bovine immune cells. Treatment with TGF-β1 significantly decreased the expression of CD69, an activation marker, in T cells, and Th1 cytokine production . These results suggest that the increase in Tregs and TGF-β1 secretion could be one of the immunosuppressive mechanisms and that lead to increased susceptibility to other infections in terms of exacerbation of disease during . infection.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7738317 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.609443 | DOI Listing |
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