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Unveiling the Hidden Burden: A Systematic Review on the Prevalence and Clinical Implications of Calcified Brain Metastases.
Biomolecules
December 2024
Department of Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
Background: Brain calcifications, found in various conditions, may be incidental or crucial for diagnosis. They occur in physiological changes, infections, genetic diseases, neurodegenerative conditions, vascular syndromes, metabolic disorders, endocrine disorders, and primary tumors like oligodendroglioma. While often incidental, their presence can be vital for accurate diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLow Dose Computed Tomography for Lung Cancer Screening in Tuberculosis Endemic Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
J Thorac Oncol
November 2024
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Article Synopsis
- - The study evaluates lung cancer screening using low-dose CT scans in countries with high tuberculosis rates, focusing on the screen-positive rate (SPR) while addressing concerns about false positives from previous TB infections.
- - The analysis included 44 studies with nearly 477,424 participants, finding an overall SPR of 18.36% and a lung cancer detection rate (LCDR) of 0.94%; NLST criteria resulted in a significantly higher SPR compared to Lung-RADS.
- - The findings suggest that lung cancer screening with LDCT in high tuberculosis-burden countries has similar SPR and LCDR rates to areas with lower TB rates, recommending Lung-RADS criteria to reduce false positives.
Calcific versus non-calcific plaque: a CAD-RADS and FFRCT study.
Int J Cardiovasc Imaging
November 2024
Department of Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
Article Synopsis
- The study focused on the CAD-RADS system to standardize CTCA reporting and explored how coronary calcification affects the assessment of stenosis in patients.
- Researchers hypothesized that the Fractional Flow Reserve (FFRCT) would be lower for calcified stenoses (Ca+) compared to non-calcified ones (Ca-) in the same CAD-RADS categories.
- Results showed that there was no significant difference in FFRCT values between Ca+ and Ca- stenoses for most categories, but CAD-RADS 3 Ca+ had lower FFRCT readings, suggesting possible underestimation that was not confirmed with invasive tests.
Redo-TAVI with the SAPIEN 3 valve in degenerated calcified CoreValve/Evolut explants.
EuroIntervention
November 2024
Cardiovascular Translational Lab, Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and Providence Health Care, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.
Article Synopsis
- Redo-transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is often needed for failed aortic valves, specifically examining SAPIEN 3 (S3) valves in degenerated CoreValve/Evolut (CV/EV) valves, which is not fully understood.
- The study assessed the performance of S3 valves following implantation in calcified CV/EV valves through various hydrodynamic tests, measuring factors like mean gradient, effective orifice area, and leaflet behaviors.
- Results indicated that S3 valves generally performed well, showing decreased mean gradient and acceptable effective orifice area, but issues like underexpansion, leaflet pinwheeling, and calcium protrusion were noted, highlighting the need for further research on long
Histology of pulmonary tuberculosis in a 19th-century mummy from Comiso (Sicily, Italy).
Int J Paleopathol
December 2024
Division of Paleopathology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy.
Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate potential evidence of tuberculosis in mummified remains.
Materials: The natural mummy of an anonymous friar from the mortuary chapel of the church of Santa Maria della Grazia in Comiso (Sicily) METHODS: The mummy was studied through macroscopic examination; tissue sampling was conducted through breaches in the dorsal surface of the thorax. Radiological, histological and immunohistochemical analyses were performed on the pulmonary parenchyma.
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