The global movement to control and eliminate neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) is grounded in an ethic of social justice, solidarity and health equity. NTD programmes deliver significant health benefits in socially complex environments characterized by poverty and economic disparity. We used two ethics frameworks-principlism and Upshur's public health framework-to examine ethical challenges faced by NTD programmes. They include management of serious adverse reactions associated with preventive chemotherapy, centralization of decision-making, 'opt-out' policies for school-based deworming, incomplete evidence for 'pro-poor' impact and persistent inequities in global partnerships. NTD programmes must actively address ethical challenges while pursuing global health goals.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/traa155 | DOI Listing |
Nutrients
December 2024
2nd Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Bratislava and Comenius University, 821 01 Bratislava, Slovakia.
Neural tube defects (NTDs) are malformations of the central nervous system that represent the second most common cause of congenital morbidity and mortality, following cardiovascular abnormalities. Maternal nutrition, particularly folic acid, a B vitamin, is crucial in the etiology of NTDs. FA plays a key role in DNA methylation, synthesis, and repair, acting as a cofactor in one-carbon transfer reactions essential for neural tube development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrop Med Int Health
January 2025
Trachoma Control Program, The Carter Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Background: Trachoma is targeted by the World Health Organization (WHO) for elimination as a public health problem by 2030. Trachoma impact surveys using standardised methodology are recommended to monitor progress towards elimination and to determine eligibility for continued surgery, antibiotics, facial cleanliness, and environmental improvement (SAFE) interventions. From 2007 to 2015, four counties of Eastern Equatoria State, South Sudan, received three to five rounds of mass drug administration with antibiotics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Negl Trop Dis
December 2024
KIT Royal Tropical Institute, Epidemiology, Center for Applied Spatial Epidemiology (CASE), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Introduction: To address problems of over- and under-treatment with preventive chemotherapy resulting in ongoing transmission of schistosomiasis, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends targeted mass drug administration (MDA) interventions at a sub-district level. In Tanzania, the lack of sub-district (ward) prevalence data has inhibited a transition to targeted treatment. Model-based prevalence estimation combined with routine surveillance data can be used to overcome this gap.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParasite Epidemiol Control
November 2024
Kenya Medical Research Institute, P.O. Box 54840 00200 Off Raila Odinga Way, Nairobi, Kenya.
Uganda started implementing mass drug administration against schistosomiasis in 2003, with district used as an implementation unit. This resulted into misclassification of communities into wrong risk levels, under-or-over treatment and over request of praziquantel (PZQ) drugs. The objective of the current study was to reviewing the community data available at World Health Organization/ESPEN database to understand the status of schistosomiasis and identify pockets with infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDev Biol
January 2025
Department of Molecular, Cellular and Development Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309. Electronic address:
Folic acid (FA) supplementation is a potent tool to reduce devastating birth defects known as neural tube defects (NTDs). Though effective, questions remain how FA achieves its protective effect and which gene mutations are sensitive to folic acid levels. We explore the relationship between FA dosage and NTD rates using NTD mouse models.
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