In this paper flammability tests and detailed investigations of lignin-containing polymer composites' properties are presented. Composites were obtained using bisphenol A glycerolate (1 glycerol/phenol) diacrylate (BPA.GDA), ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), and kraft lignin (lignin alkali, L) during UV curing. In order to evaluate the influence of lignin modification and the addition of flame retardant compounds on the thermal resistance of the obtained biocomposites, flammability tests have been conducted. After the modification with phosphoric acid (V) lignin, as well as diethyl vinylphosphonate, were used as flame retardant additives. The changes in the chemical structures (ATR-FTIR), as well as the influence of the different additives on the hardness, thermal (TG) and mechanical properties were discussed in detail. The samples after the flammability test were also studied to assess their thermal destruction.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25245947 | DOI Listing |
ChemSusChem
January 2025
Bedimensional Spa, Lungotorrente Secca, 3d, 16163, Genova, ITALY.
The design of interfaces between nanostructured electrodes and advanced electrolytes is critical for realizing advanced electrochemical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) that combine high charge-storage capacity, high-rate capability, and enhanced safety. Toward this goal, this work presents a novel and sustainable approach for fabricating ionogel-based electrodes using a renewed slurry casting method, in which the solvent is replaced by the ionic liquid (IL), namely 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (EMIFSI). This method avoids time-consuming and costly electrolyte-filling steps by integrating the IL directly into the electrode during slurry preparation, while improving the rate capability of EDLCs based on non-flammable ILs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Environ Manage
January 2025
Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China. Electronic address:
The readiness of leaf-litter to burn in the presence of fire differs greatly between species. Thus, forests composed of different species vary in their susceptibility to fire. Fire susceptibility of forests may also differ from the arithmetic means of flammability of their component species, i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China. Electronic address:
Polylactic acid (PLA) is a bio-recyclable plastic, but its high flammability limits broader applications. Here, a novel flame retardant (Zn-CHP) is synthesized from chitosan (CH), diethylenetriaminepenta (methylenephosphonic) acid (DTPMP), and ZnCl₂ using a simple, solvent-free process. The Zn-CHP additive is melt-blended with PLA, achieving excellent flame retardancy at just 2 wt% loading.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem C Nanomater Interfaces
December 2024
Center for Transport Technologies, Battery Technologies, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Giefinggasse 2, Vienna 1210, Austria.
In this work, a battery layup consisting of a poorly flammable ionic liquid electrolyte and a poly(vinylidene fluoride--hexafluoropropylene) (PVdF-HFP) thermoplastic has been developed along with composite anode and cathode electrodes. The developed gel electrolyte exhibits feasible ionic conductivity of about 1 mS/cm at 30 °C. State-of-the-art active electrode materials, i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Bone Joint Surg Am
December 2024
Jack Hughston Memorial Hospital, Phenix City, Alabama.
Background: Operative fires are rare but unforgettable events, with the potential for devastating outcomes. It is estimated that 650 operating room (OR) fires occur each year in the United States, with the use of electrocautery devices and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) as the primary ignition and fuel sources. There are several case reports of OR fires caused by PMMA and electrocautery in the literature, but, to our knowledge, no formal studies have been performed exposing the flammability of PMMA and how PMMA reacts to an electrocautery ignition source.
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