AI Article Synopsis
- Polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs) are concerning due to their persistence in the environment and possible toxic effects similar to dioxins, though their behavior in marine settings is not well-studied.
- Researchers collected and analyzed seawater and sediment samples from the East China Sea to determine the presence and distribution of carbazole (CZ) and PHCZs, finding varying concentrations of these compounds.
- The study also calculated log K values, which indicate how these chemicals partition between seawater and sediments, contributing to understanding their environmental dynamics in marine ecosystems.
Article Abstract
Polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs) have received great concern due to their environmental persistence and potential dioxin-like toxicities. Their presence in the marine sediment had been well characterized, but limited studies had investigated their environmental behaviors in the marine environment. In this study, we collected paired seawater (n = 48) and surface sediment samples (n = 48) from East China Sea and analyzed for carbazole (CZ) and 11 PHCZs to investigate the occurrence and spatial distribution of CZ and PHCZs in seawater and sediment, as well as to explore the partitioning behaviors of CZ and PHCZs between seawater and sediment. In seawater samples, CZ and nine PHCZs were detected, with the concentrations of ∑PHCZs ranging from 0.21 to 11 ng/L (mean 2.7 ng/L). CZ (94%), 3-CCZ (89%), 1368-CCZ (65%), and 36-CCZ (57%) had relatively higher detection frequencies. Among PHCZs, 36-CCZ (mean 1.1 ng/L) had the highest mean seawater concentration, followed by 3-CCZ (0.51 ng/L) and 1368-CCZ (0.19 ng/L). In sediment, CZ and 11 PHCZs were detected, with the concentrations of ∑PHCZs ranged from 0.34 to 2.0 ng/g (mean 1.0 ng/g). CZ, 3-CCZ, 3-BCZ, 36-CCZ, 27-BCZ, and 36-BCZ were measurable in all sediment samples, and 36-CCZ was the predominant PHCZ (0.47 ng/g, 0.025-1.1 ng/g), followed by 1368-BCZ (0.16 ng/g,
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2020.116717 DOI Listing Publication Analysis
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