When scaling data using item response theory, valid statements based on the measurement model are only permissible if the model fits the data. Most item fit statistics used to assess the fit between observed item responses and the item responses predicted by the measurement model show significant weaknesses, such as the dependence of fit statistics on sample size and number of items. In order to assess the size of misfit and to thus use the fit statistic as an effect size, dependencies on properties of the data set are undesirable. The present study describes a new approach and empirically tests it for consistency. We developed an estimator of the distance between the predicted item response functions (IRFs) and the true IRFs by semiparametric adaptation of IRFs. For the semiparametric adaptation, the approach of extended basis functions due to Ramsay and Silverman (2005) is used. The IRF is defined as the sum of a linear term and a more flexible term constructed via basis function expansions. The group lasso method is applied as a regularization of the flexible term, and determines whether all parameters of the basis functions are fixed at zero or freely estimated. Thus, the method serves as a selection criterion for items that should be adjusted semiparametrically. The distance between the predicted and semiparametrically adjusted IRF of misfitting items can then be determined by describing the fitting items by the parametric form of the IRF and the misfitting items by the semiparametric approach. In a simulation study, we demonstrated that the proposed method delivers satisfactory results in large samples (i.e., N ≥ 1,000).
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Assessment
December 2024
Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA.
This study examined the item- and scale-level functioning of the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS) as well as differential functioning by gender using an item response theory (IRT) analysis. SAAS data collected from 840 college students were analyzed. A graded response model was used to analyze the 16 items comprising the SAAS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Teach
February 2025
Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Background: Best practice evidence for identifying and managing professional behaviour lapses in a multidisciplinary context is lacking. This study aimed to evaluate multidisciplinary educators' attitudes and perceptions of the ProFESS (Professional standards, Ethical Behaviour and Student Support) framework and its companion Fitness for Practice model, designed and implemented at a large Australian university to address this using a behaviour change approach.
Methods: A 72-item survey based on the Context, Input, Process, Product evaluation framework was completed by 92 multidisciplinary faculty educators and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Osteoarthritis Cartilage
December 2024
La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia. Electronic address:
Objective: To assess the diagnostic performance of a single Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) item in evaluating the presence of knee crepitus.
Design: All 184 participants aged 18-40 years with a symptomatic knee, 9-36 months following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) who were prospectively enrolled in a post-traumatic knee osteoarthritis trial (ACTRN12620001164987) were included. Participants completed the KOOS and underwent physical examination for knee crepitus at baseline.
J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg
November 2024
NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science, Botnar Research Centre, Windmill Road, Oxford OX3 7HE, UK.
Background: Partial extensor tendon lacerations of the hand and forearm are common. There is a lack of evidence to guide their management and it is also unclear at what threshold surgeons would consider repair necessary. This study aimed to identify national surgical management of partial extensor tendon lacerations of the hand and forearm (zones 2-8) and assess surgeons' willingness to randomise in a future trial.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCogn Psychol
December 2024
Department of Psychology, Cognitive Psychology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
Working memory updating is the process that replaces outdated content in working memory by new content. This requires removing outdated information and encoding new information. It is still unclear whether removal and encoding run sequentially or simultaneously.
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