Due to the particular elution mechanism observed with large solutes (e.g., proteins) in liquid chromatography, column length has less impact in controlling their retention compared to small solutes. Moreover, long columns-in theory-just broaden the peaks of large solutes since a great part of the column only acts as void (extra) volume. Such a theory suggests that using very short columns should result in comparable separation quality versus using long columns and make it possible to perform faster (high-throughput) analyses. Therefore, the elution behavior of various therapeutic monoclonal antibodies and their fragments (25-150 kDa) has been investigated using modern instrumentation and column formats. The possibilities offered by narrow-bore columns packed with state-of-the-art 2.7 μm superficially porous particles with 5, 50, 100, and 150 mm lengths have been compared. In particular, the impact of gradient steepness and column length on separation efficiency was evaluated. Using 5 mm × 2.1 mm columns, it has become possible to separate antibody fragments and antibody-drug conjugate species in less than 30 s. Such fast methods can be very useful for high-throughput screening purposes in biopharmaceutical industries.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04082 | DOI Listing |
Ther Adv Vaccines Immunother
December 2024
Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes high worldwide infant mortality, as well as a high disease burden in the elderly. Efforts in vaccine development over the past 60 years have recently delivered three approved vaccines and two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Looking back at the eventful history of RSV vaccine development, several factors can be identified that have hampered the developmental pathway, including the occurrence of enhanced RSV disease (ERD) in the first vaccine attempt and the difficulty in characterizing and stabilizing the pre-fusion F protein as a vaccine target.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmall
December 2024
School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China.
NaNiMnO (NNM) is regarded as a promising cathode material for Na-ion batteries (NIBs), but suffers from irreversible phase transformations characterized by multiple voltage plateaus, resulting in poor cycle stability and inferior rate capability. To address these issues, the NaNiCuZnMnO (NNCZM) cathode material is synthesized by a cation chelation and reassembly process, which can promote a more uniform element distribution than that prepared by the solid-state method (S-NNCZM), resulting in better Na diffusion kinetics and rate capability. Replacing Ni with a small amount of Zn prevents the P2-O2 phase transformation, while replacing Ni with an appropriate amount of electrochemically active Cu eliminates Na-vacancy ordering and additionally contributes to capacity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Nano
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education (HUST), Hubei Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China.
Bicontinuous microparticles have advanced transport, mechanical, and electrochemical properties and show promising applications in energy storage, catalysis, and other fields. However, it remains a great challenge to fabricate bicontinuous microparticles of block copolymers (BCPs) by controlling the microphase separation due to the extremely narrow region of a bicontinuous structure in the phase diagram. Here, we demonstrate a strategy to balance the phase separation of BCPs and fluorinated additives at different length scales in emulsion droplets, providing a large window to access bicontinuous microparticles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pathol
December 2024
Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Tumour content plays a pivotal role in directing the bioinformatic analysis of molecular profiles such as copy number variation (CNV). In clinical application, tumour purity estimation (TPE) is achieved either through visual pathological review [conventional pathology (CP)] or the deconvolution of molecular data. While CP provides a direct measurement, it demonstrates modest reproducibility and lacks standardisation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chem Inf Model
December 2024
Orion Pharma, Orionintie 1A, 02101 Espoo, Finland.
Given the size of the relevant chemical space for drug discovery, working with fully enumerated compound libraries (especially in three-dimensional (3D)) is unfeasible. Nonenumerated virtual chemical spaces are a practical solution to this issue, where compounds are described as building blocks which are then connected by rules. One concrete example of such is the BioSolveIT chemical spaces file format (.
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