Cryptosporidiosis and Giardiasis in Buffaloes ().

spp. and infect the gastrointestinal tracts of animals and humans. Both parasite groups are distributed worldwide and cause significant economic losses in animal productivity. Infected hosts presenting with and without clinical manifestations can eliminate infective forms of these protozoa, which are particularly important to One Health. Compared to the published research on cattle, relatively few studies have examined the epidemiology of cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis in buffaloes. This short review describes the global occurrence of spp. and in buffaloes, including the molecular techniques employed for the identification of species/assemblages and genotypes of these protozoa. Genetic analyses of isolates of and spp. from various sources (environmental, animal, and human) have been performed to investigate their epidemiology. In buffaloes, the species , and -like have been characterized, as well as assemblages A and E of . We demonstrate that buffaloes can be infected by species of spp. and assemblages with zoonotic potential. Epidemiological studies that utilize molecular biology techniques represent an important resource for efforts to control and prevent the spread of these protozoans.