AI Article Synopsis
- Colorectal carcinoma develops gradually through genetic and epigenetic changes, leading to various lesion types.
- Early detection of lesions has improved due to screening programs, but distinguishing adenomas with epithelial misplacement from those with early carcinoma is crucial for accurate prognosis and treatment.
- A study analyzed gene expression in 44 patient biopsies, revealing differences in inflammatory and desmoplastic reactions in AEM vs. AEC, suggesting that while these patterns are too complex for current diagnostics, they may enhance understanding of colorectal cancer progression and aid in identifying future biomarkers.
Article Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma usually evolves gradually, forming a spectrum of lesions, due to accumulation of genetic mutations and epigenetic alterations. Many early lesions are detected since the introduction of screening programs. The greatest challenge is to distinguish between adenomas with epithelial misplacement (AEM) and adenomas with early carcinoma (AEC), considering the diagnosis affects prognosis and treatment. We analyzed the expression of selected extracellular matrix (ECM)-related genes and proteins, and their regulatory microRNAs using RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry in biopsies from 44 patients. Differences were observed in AEM in comparison to AEC for , , , , and , reflecting inflammatory stromal reaction to traumatisation and misplacement of dysplastic glands in the submucosa in the former, and desmoplastic stromal reaction to true invasion of dysplastic glands in the submucosa in the latter. Expression of regulatory microRNAs and significantly negatively correlated with the expression of their regulated genes, while significant difference between AEM and AEC was observed only for . The described expression patterns are too complex to be used in diagnostic work, but might contribute to better understanding ECM changes in colorectal carcinoma development, helping to find new markers in the future.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7764749 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12123715 | DOI Listing |
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