Evaluation of modified cold-atmospheric pressure plasma (MCAP) for the treatment of peri-implantitis in beagles.

Objective: To assess the effect of adjunctive use of modified cold-atmospheric pressure plasma (MCAP) to surgically mechanical debridement (MD) on peri-implantitis (PI) in beagles.

Material And Methods: Bilateral mandibles of beagles with PI, which induced by cotton ligature twined with steel in sub-marginal around the implant, were randomly divided into two groups: MD in conjunction with 2% CHX irrigation (control group) and MD with adjunctive intervention of MCAP (plasma group). Sulcus bleeding index (SBI), probing depth (PD) and bone height (BH) were examined before and after intervention using computed tomography and histological staining. Additionally, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and IL-17 levels in peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) were measured by ELISA.

Results: A significant improvement in SBI, PD and BH was found in the plasma group (p < .05) when compared with the control group after three months of intervention. In addition, IL-1β and IL-17, but not IL-6 levels decreased (p < .05) in the plasma group compared with the control group after intervention.

Conclusions: The adjunctive use of MCAP to MD for PI can enhance bone formation around the implant and inhibit the inflammatory response. The application of MCAP could be considered a favourable adjunct to MD for PI.