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Article Synopsis
  • A hypersensitivity response similar to immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) may contribute to tuberculosis cases induced by anti-PD-1 therapy, specifically through the activation of Th17 cells.
  • Research involved analyzing T cell populations in lung cancer and tuberculosis, monitoring Th17 cell markers in a patient experiencing adverse effects from pembrolizumab, and examining gut microbiome changes.
  • Findings indicated increased Th17 cells and CD38 expression in response to pembrolizumab, while gut microbiota analysis revealed greater diversity and a significant presence of Prevotella, linked to lung inflammation and Th17 activation.
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Pembrolizumab (Keytruda).

Hum Vaccin Immunother

November 2016

a Department of Medicine , Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong.

The programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) is one of the checkpoints that regulates the immune response. Ligation of PD1 with its ligands PDL1 and PDL2 results in transduction of negative signals to T-cells. PD1 expression is an important mechanism contributing to the exhausted effector T-cell phenotype.

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