Toll-like receptor 10 rs10004195 variation may be protective against Bacillus Calmette-Guérin osteitis after newborn vaccination.

Aim: Toll-like receptor 1 (TLR1), TLR2, TLR6 and TLR10 form the TLR2 subfamily. In our previous controlled studies in 132 subjects with osteitis after newborn Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination, TLR1, TLR2 and TLR6 variations were associated with the risk of BCG osteitis. Now, we evaluated the role of ten single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of the TLR10 gene in this cohort.

Methods: Five synonymous TLR10 SNPs (rs10004195, rs10856837, rs10856838, rs1109695 and rs11466652), and five missense TLR10 SNPs (rs11096955, rs11096957, rs11466649, rs11466653 and rs11466658) were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based sequencing in 132 former BCG osteitis patients.

Results: TLR10 rs10004195 polymorphism was associated with the risk of BCG osteitis, compared to Finnish population controls. The variant genotype (AT/AA) was present in 13.6% of cases versus 26.2% of controls (p = 0.024). Correspondingly, the minor allele frequency (MAF) was lower (0.075) in cases than in controls (0.152; p = 0.009). There were no significant differences in the genotypes of the other nine studied TLR10 SNPs or in the corresponding MAFs between cases and controls.

Conclusion: Among ten studied TLR10 gene polymorphisms, the variation only in the TLR10 rs10004195 was associated with the BCG osteitis risk after newborn BCG vaccination.