The core-shell NaGdF:Yb,Er@NaGdF:Yb,Nd upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) were successfully obtained with the method of co-precipitation, and the water-solubility of UCNPs was improved by the ligand exchange reaction between nitrosyl tetrafluoroborate (NOBF) and nanoparticles. The IR-783 dye with negative charge and NOBF-UCNPs with positive charge can bind together by electrostatic action to sensitize UCNPs through the energy transfer from IR-783 to UCNPs. However, with the presence of NaS (a commonly used HS donor), a highly selective reaction between HS and IR-783, which destoried the structure of IR-783 and blocked the energy transfer, thus led to the quenching of luminescent intensity. Based on this, a sensing system for determination of HS has been constructed successfully. The linear range of HS detection by this system is 0.5-15 μM, and the detection limit is 34.17 nM. Furthermore, the dye-sensitized core-shell NaGdF:Yb,Er@NaGdF:Yb,Nd upconversion nanoprobe was applied to real sample analysis with satisfactory results.
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