AI Article Synopsis
- Bilingualism is linked to a delay in dementia onset compared to monolingualism, potentially acting as a cognitive reserve (CR) factor.
- The study examined bilingual and monolingual subjects with mild cognitive impairment using various brain activity measures and cognitive tests.
- Findings indicated that bilingual individuals exhibited greater functional connectivity and brain activity, suggesting they may benefit from neural compensation, thus providing some protection against dementia.
Article Abstract
Bilingualism is considered a cognitive reserve (CR) factor, due to the delay in the onset of dementia in bilinguals compared with monolinguals. Two neural mechanisms have been suggested to underlie CR: neural reserve and neural compensation. However, it is still unclear how bilingualism contributes to these mechanisms. In this study, we used cognitive tests, functional connectivity (FC), regional homogeneity, and fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) measures to study resting-state brain patterns in a sample of bilingual and monolingual subjects with mild cognitive impairment. We found no significant differences between the groups in age, sex, education, or cognitive level, but bilinguals showed higher FC than monolinguals between the posterior part of the superior temporal gyrus and the precuneus, positively correlated with Mini-Mental State Examination scores, and higher fALFF in the thalamus bilaterally. Our results suggest that bilingualism may act as a CR factor that protects against dementia through neural compensation.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/brain.2020.0877 | DOI Listing |
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