Impact of yoga and exercises on polycystic ovarian syndrome risk among adolescent schoolgirls in South India.

Background: To identify the adolescent school girls with risk for polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), assess their risk status, and evaluate the impact of lifestyle modifications on PCOS risk reduction.

Methods: An experimental research was conducted among adolescent girls belonging to two Government run schools in Tiruvallur district of Tamil Nadu state, India, from 6 June to 9 December 2016. A standard risk assessment questionnaire was adopted for risk assessment after making few modifications (Cronbach alpha 0.86). The experimental group received lifestyle modifications (yoga for two months and walking exercise for two months), with no such intervention provided for the control group. The impact of these interventions was assessed in terms of risk minimization and a value less than .05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: A total of 204 (control-102; experimental-102) girls with statistically insignificant difference in demographic features were studied. During the pretest, 85.2% (n = 87) in the experimental group and 83.3% (n = 85) the controls had "moderate risk" for PCOS. Girls with "high risk" level of PCOS were 14.8% (n = 15) and 15.7% (n = 17) in the experimental group and the control group, respectively. In posttest-1 (after yoga sessions) risk assessment, 71.6% had "moderate risk," 5.9% had "high risk" in the experimental group, whereas 87.3% had "moderate risk" and 12.7% had "high risk" in the control group. In posttest-2 (after exercise sessions) risk assessment, 48% had "moderate risk" and 0% had high risk in the experimental group, whereas 88.2% were "moderate risk" and 11.8% were "high risk" in the control group. Repeated measure ANOVA with Greenhouse-Geisser correction showed mean risk reduction score statistically significant between pretest and post-test (33.38 ± 7.28 vs 22.75 ± 12.09, respectively mean difference is 10.63: = 236.12  < .001), suggesting a positive correlation with the intervention.

Conclusions: Yoga and exercise were beneficial in minimizing PCOS risk, as reflected in the risk assessment score. More such interventions, covering different schools, could provide larger health benefits.