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Angiography with optical coherence tomography as a biomarker in multiple sclerosis. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study aims to compare retinal microvascular features in people with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) to healthy individuals using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A).
  • A total of 92 MS patients’ eyes and 149 healthy control eyes were analyzed, revealing significant reductions in vessel density in different regions of the retina among MS patients.
  • The findings suggest that MS leads to decreased retinal vascularization, which could serve as a potential tool for early diagnosis and tracking disease progression, regardless of previous optic nerve inflammation.

Article Abstract

Purpose: To investigate superficial retinal microvascular plexuses detected by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) in multiple sclerosis (MS) subjects and compare them with healthy controls.

Methods: A total of 92 eyes from 92 patients with relapsing-remitting MS and 149 control eyes were included in this prospective observational study. OCT-A imaging was performed using Triton Swept-Source OCT (Topcon Corporation, Japan). The vessel density (VD) percentage in the superficial retinal plexus and optic disc area (6 x 6 mm grid) was measured and compared between groups.

Results: MS patients showed a significant decrease VD in the superior (p = 0.005), nasal (p = 0.029) and inferior (p = 0.040) parafoveal retina compared with healthy subjects. Patients with disease durations of more than 5 years presented lower VD in the superior (p = 0.002), nasal (p = 0.017) and inferior (p = 0.022) parafoveal areas compared with healthy subjects. Patients with past optic neuritis episodes did not show retinal microvasculature alterations, but patients with an EDSS score of less than 3 showed a significant decrease in nasal (p = 0.024) and superior (p = 0.006) perifoveal VD when compared with healthy subjects.

Conclusions: MS produces a decrease in retinal vascularization density in the superficial plexus of the parafoveal retina. Alterations in retinal vascularization observed in MS patients are independent of the presence of optic nerve inflammation. OCT-A has the ability to detect subclinical vascular changes and is a potential biomarker for diagnosing the presence and progression of MS.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7723290PMC
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0243236PLOS

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