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Temporally dissociable neural representations of pitch height and chroma.
J Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Psychology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
The extraction and analysis of pitch underpin speech and music recognition, sound segregation, and other auditory tasks. Perceptually, pitch can be represented as a helix composed of two factors: height monotonically aligns with frequency, while chroma cyclically repeats at doubled frequencies. Although the early perceptual and neurophysiological mechanisms for extracting pitch from acoustic signals have been extensively investigated, the equally essential subsequent stages that bridge to high-level auditory cognition remain less well understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssociations of Central Arterial Stiffness With Brain White Matter Integrity and Gray Matter Volume in MRI Across the Adult Lifespan.
J Magn Reson Imaging
January 2025
Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
Background: Central arterial stiffening is associated with brain white matter (WM) damage and gray matter (GM) volume loss in older adults, but little is known about this association from an adult lifespan perspective.
Purpose: To investigate the associations of central arterial stiffness with WM microstructural organization, WM lesion load, cortical thickness, and GM volume in healthy adults across the lifespan.
Study Type: This is a cross-sectional study.
Repetitive TMS (rTMS) is a powerful neuroscientific tool with the potential to noninvasively identify brain-behavior relationships in humans. Early work suggested that certain rTMS protocols (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring Cortical Interneurons in Substance Use Disorder: From Mechanisms to Therapeutic Perspectives.
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Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Interneurons (INs) play a crucial role in the regulation of neural activity within the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), a brain region critically involved in executive functions and behavioral control. In recent preclinical studies, dysregulation of INs in the mPFC has been implicated in the pathophysiology of substance use disorder, characterized by vulnerability to chronic drug use. Here, we explore the diversity of mPFC INs and their connectivity and roles in vulnerability to addiction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChaotic recurrent neural networks for brain modelling: A review.
Neural Netw
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Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technology, National Research Council, Via Romagnosi 18a, I-00196, Rome, Italy.
Even in the absence of external stimuli, the brain is spontaneously active. Indeed, most cortical activity is internally generated by recurrence. Both theoretical and experimental studies suggest that chaotic dynamics characterize this spontaneous activity.
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