In this paper, the structural characteristics of a W-Ta-Mo-Nb-V-Cr-Zr-Ti non-equiatomic refractory metal alloy obtained by spark plasma sintering (SPS) of a high-energy ball-milled powder mixture are reported. High-energy ball milling resulted in the formation of particle agglomerates ranging from several tens to several hundreds of micrometers. These agglomerates were composed of micrometer and submicrometer particles. It was found that, during ball milling, a solid solution of A2 structure formed. The grains of the sintered material ranged from fractions of a micrometer to several micrometers. During SPS, the phase transformations in the alloy led to the formation of a Laves phase of C15 structure and ZrO and ZrO nanoparticles. The microhardness of the ball-milled alloy and sintered material was found to be 9.28 GPa ± 1.31 GPa and 8.95 GPa ± 0.42 GPa, respectively. The influence of the processing conditions on the structure, phase composition, and microhardness of the alloy is discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22020143 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
December 2024
School of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, India.
Cement ball mills in the finishing stage of the cement industries consume the highest energy in the cement manufacturing stage. Therefore, suitable controllers that result in good productivity and product quality with reduced energy consumption are required for the cement ball mill grinding process to increase the profit margins. In this study, generalised predictive controllers (GPC)have been designed for the cement ball mill grinding operation using the model obtained from the step response data taken from the industrially recognized simulator.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Hazard Mater
December 2024
Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, USA.
Highly toxic halo-/nitro-substituted organics, often in low concentrations and with high hydrophobicity, make it difficult to obtain electrons for reduction when strongly electron-competing substances (e.g., O, H/HO, NO) coexist.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Colloid Interface Sci
December 2024
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia Key Laboratory of Solar Chemical Conversion Technology, Key Laboratory for Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, PR China. Electronic address:
As a novel carbon-based material with two-dimensional (2D) characteristics, graphdiyne (GDY) shows great potential in constructing active catalytic sites due to its distinctive atomic configuration and sp/sp conjugated hybrid two-dimensional networks. In this study, the layered GDY was synthesized using the ball milling method, and ZnCdS/Graphdiyne/NiO (ZnCdS/GDY/NiO) composite was synthesized by in-situ composite and physical mixing method. The prepared ZnCdS/GDY/NiO has good photostability outstanding performance in photocatalytic hydrogen production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntensive Care Med
December 2024
Department of Perioperative Medicine, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK.
J Biomater Appl
December 2024
Shi-Changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China.
HA/Fe composites were prepared by powder metallurgy. The effects of ball milling time, pressing pressure, and sintering temperature on the porosity and hardness of the composites were investigated, and their mechanical properties and biocompatibility were evaluated. The results show that as the ball milling time increases (30∼60min), the average particle size initially decreases and then increases (82.
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