AI Article Synopsis
- Iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are being researched for their biomedical applications, but their effects on blood components, particularly on platelets and coagulation, are not well understood.
- This study specifically investigates the impact of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles coated with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) on human platelet function and finds that positively charged SPIONs lead to significant platelet activation.
- The engineered PVA-SPIONs show a dose-dependent anti-platelet effect by altering fibrinogen conformation, indicating a potential interference with normal platelet aggregation and coagulation processes.
Article Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles are developed for various biomedical applications, however, there is limited understanding regarding their effects and toxicity on blood components. The particles traveling in circulation inevitably interact with blood cells and plasma proteins and may interfere with hemostasis. Specifically, this study focuses on the influence of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) coated with a biocompatible polymer, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), on platelet function. Here, engineered SPIONs that are functionalized with various PVA coatings to provide these particles with different surface charges and polymer packing are described. These formulations are assessed for any interference with human platelet functions and coagulation, ex vivo. Positively charged SPIONs induce a significant change in platelet GPIIb-IIIa conformation, indicative of platelet activation at the dose of 500 µg mL . Remarkably, engineered PVA(polyvinyl alcohol)-SPIONs all display a robust dose-dependent anti-platelet effect on platelet aggregation, regardless of the PVA charge and molecular weight. After assessing hypotheses involving SPION-induced steric hindrance in platelet-platelet bridging, as well as protein corona involvement in the antiplatelet effect, the study concludes that the presence of PVA-SPIONs induces fibrinogen conformational change, which correlates with the observed dose-dependent anti-platelet effect.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.202004945 | DOI Listing |
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