Introduction: Statins are the most widely prescribed drugs for lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. They are usually well-tolerated, but have two main safety concerns: statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS) and new-onset type 2 diabetes (NOD).
Methods: A PubMed search was carried out using the following key words were used: statins, statin-associated muscle symptoms, statin myalgia, statin-associated diabetes, metformin and statins, exercise and statins.
Results: Mitochondrial damage and muscle atrophy are likely the central mechanisms producing SAMS, whereas decreased glucose transport, fatty acid oxidation and insulin secretion are likely involved in the development of NOD. Metformin and exercise training share many pathways that could potentially contrast SAMS and NOD. Clinical evidence also supports the combination of statins with metformin and exercise.
Conclusion: This combination appears attractive both from a clinical and an economical viewpoint, since all three therapies are highly cost-effective and their combination could result in diabetes and cardiovascular disease prevention.
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Article Synopsis
- The study focuses on understanding how different types of exercise and metformin impact vascular health in diabetic rats, particularly looking at oxidative stress and inflammation.
- The research involved inducing diabetes in rats and subjecting them to various treatments, revealing that all treatments improved crucial biochemical markers related to diabetes.
- Notably, combining exercise with metformin showed greater benefits, especially with interval training, suggesting a dual approach could enhance therapy for diabetes-related cardiovascular issues.
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