Neutralizing antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2, though often of limited longevity, have generally been assumed to be protective against COVID-19 disease.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7880617PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciimmunol.abf8870DOI Listing

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  • Patients treated with CD20 antibodies face a higher risk of severe COVID-19 infections, even if they test negative in nasal swabs.
  • Bronchoalveolar lavage is crucial for accurate diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia in these patients, especially when CT scans show signs of viral pneumonia.
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Pathophysiology of rejection in kidney transplantation.

Expert Rev Clin Immunol

December 2024

Independent Researcher, Milan, Italy.

Introduction: Rejection remains a major obstacle to successful kidney transplantation. The complex pathophysiology of rejection depends on a fine-tuned interplay between the innate and adaptive immune systems.

Areas Covered: This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the pathophysiology of rejection of kidney grafts, performed through careful selection of most relevant papers available on the topic in the PubMed database.

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This case report aims to elucidate the unique clinical course of a 34-year-old male patient diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), chronic hepatitis C, and prior tuberculosis (TB) infections, who subsequently contracted COVID-19. Immunological assessments revealed profound immunosuppression, marked by decreased CD4+ T cells (0.037 x 10⁹/L), alongside mildly elevated IgG levels (16.

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() infection the upper respiratory tract causes a fatal CNS disease known as primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). The robust immune response to underlies the immunopathology that characterizes the disease. However, little is known about why this pathogen evades immune control.

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The calcineurin inhibitor tacrolimus, which is available as an immediate- or extended-release formulation, is the standard-of-care immunosuppression after kidney transplantation with low rejection rates, especially in the first year after transplantation. However, its highly variable metabolism rate, narrow therapeutic window, and nephrotoxic side effects require close drug monitoring and individual dosing. Here, we describe first the application of extended-release tacrolimus (ER-Tac) twice daily with beneficial effects in a kidney transplant recipient under extensive therapeutic drug monitoring.

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