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The effect of a ketogenic diet and synergy with rapamycin in a mouse model of breast cancer. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study investigates the effects of ketogenic and standard diets on breast cancer using a mouse model, highlighting the potential therapeutic benefits of a high-fat ketogenic diet combined with the anti-cancer drug rapamycin.
  • Mice on the ketogenic diet had lower blood glucose and insulin levels, higher beta hydroxybutyrate (BHB) levels, and experienced inhibited tumor growth and longer lifespans compared to those on the standard diet.
  • The findings suggest that a ketogenic diet not only reduces insulin levels and promotes ketosis but also enhances the effectiveness of rapamycin, potentially allowing for lower doses of the drug while achieving similar benefits in cancer control.

Article Abstract

Background: The effects of diet in cancer, in general, and breast cancer in particular, are not well understood. Insulin inhibition in ketogenic, high fat diets, modulate downstream signaling molecules and are postulated to have therapeutic benefits. Obesity and diabetes have been associated with higher incidence of breast cancer. Addition of anti-cancer drugs together with diet is also not well studied.

Methods: Two diets, one ketogenic, the other standard mouse chow, were tested in a spontaneous breast cancer model in 34 mice. Subgroups of 3-9 mice were assigned, in which the diet were implemented either with or without added rapamycin, an mTOR inhibitor and potential anti-cancer drug.

Results: Blood glucose and insulin concentrations in mice ingesting the ketogenic diet (KD) were significantly lower, whereas beta hydroxybutyrate (BHB) levels were significantly higher, respectively, than in mice on the standard diet (SD). Growth of primary breast tumors and lung metastases were inhibited, and lifespans were longer in the KD mice compared to mice on the SD (p<0.005). Rapamycin improved survival in both mouse diet groups, but when combined with the KD was more effective than when combined with the SD.

Conclusions: The study provides proof of principle that a ketogenic diet a) results in serum insulin reduction and ketosis in a spontaneous breast cancer mouse model; b) can serve as a therapeutic anti-cancer agent; and c) can enhance the effects of rapamycin, an anti-cancer drug, permitting dose reduction for comparable effect. Further, the ketogenic diet in this model produces superior cancer control than standard mouse chow whether with or without added rapamycin.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7714189PMC
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0233662PLOS

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