This study investigated the fundamental mechanisms of the loss of capacity of LiNiO (LNO) electrodes for Li insertion/deinsertion with a special focus on the origin of this deterioration in an aqueous system. Raman spectra revealed that the intercalation of H ions formed a NiOOH film at the surface of LNO during the initial electrochemical cycles; this NiOOH film was also confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy analysis. The formation of an electrochemically inactive spinel-like phase (NiO) at the subsurface was triggered by the absence of Li in the NiOOH film at the surface. These structural changes of LNO, accelerated by the intercalation of H ions, were considered to be the fundamental cause of the greater loss of capacity in the aqueous system.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.0c18157DOI Listing

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