Neuroprotective and Anti-inflammatory Ditetrahydrofuran-Containing Diarylheptanoids from .

Three new dimeric diarylheptanoids, taccachanfurans A-C (-), a new monomeric diarylheptanoid, taccachannoid A (), and four known diarylheptanoids (-) were isolated from the EtOH extract of the rhizomes of . Their structures were established on the basis of comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis. The absolute configuration of taccachanfuran A () was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. All the diarylheptanoid dimers contain a ditetrahydrofuran moiety, which has not been described previously for diarylheptanoid compounds. A plausible biosynthetic pathway for the diarylheptanoid dimers is proposed. Compounds - showed significant neuroprotective activity against Aβ-induced damage in SH-SY5Y cells at the concentrations of 10 and 1 μM. Compounds , , , , and showed anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-stimulated murine microglial BV-2 cells at the concentrations of 10 and 1 μM.