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Cerebral Microbleeds and Their Association With Inflammation and Blood-Brain Barrier Leakage in Small Vessel Disease.
Stroke
January 2025
Stroke Research Group, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Background: How cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are formed, and how they cause tissue damage is not fully understood, but it has been suggested they are associated with inflammation, and they could also be related to increased blood-brain barrier (BBB) leakage. We investigated the relationship of CMBs with inflammation and BBB leakage in cerebral small vessel disease, and in particular, whether these 2 processes were increased in the vicinity of CMBs.
Methods: In 54 patients with sporadic cerebral small vessel disease presenting with lacunar stroke, we simultaneously assessed microglial activation using the positron emission tomography ligand [11C]PK11195 and BBB leakage using dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, on a positron emission tomography-magnetic resonance imaging system.
The hypointense pulvinar sign on susceptibility weighed magnetic resonance imaging: A visual biomarker for iron deposition in epilepsy.
Neuroradiol J
December 2024
Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to explore changes in iron deposition in the pulvinar of epilepsy patients using a specific MRI technique called susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) and a biomarker known as the "hypointense pulvinar sign."
- Researchers analyzed radiological reports from 2014 to 2022, focusing on epilepsy patients and found that the hypointense pulvinar sign was correct in 44% of cases, with right hemispheric lesions showing higher accuracy compared to left.
- The study concluded that the hypointense pulvinar sign is a reliable and straightforward biomarker for detecting iron deposition in epilepsy, suggesting its potential use in precision medicine approaches.
Preoperative Diagnosis of a Central Skull Base Giant Schwannoma From Tumoral Microhemorrhages Visualized on Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging.
Cureus
September 2024
Neurosurgery/Brain Surgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, USA.
A 64-year-old female presented with extensive osseous erosion of the central skull base from a large tumor, which was evaluated with a combination of CT and MRI. Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) aided the correct preoperative diagnosis of giant skull base schwannoma by demonstrating intratumoral microhemorrhages, later confirmed on histology. Other imaging features on CT and MRI were not helpful to identify the schwannoma in this case.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnveiling connections between venous disruption and cerebral small vessel disease using diffusion tensor image analysis along perivascular space (DTI-ALPS): A 7-T MRI study.
Int J Stroke
November 2024
Tiantan Neuroimaging Center of Excellence, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Article Synopsis
- Cerebral venous disruption may hinder glymphatic drainage in small vessel disease, affecting brain health.
- A study examined 31 patients using advanced MR imaging to assess the relationships between venous integrity, perivascular diffusivity (DTI-ALPS index), and neuroimaging features of cerebral small vessel disease.
- Results indicated that lower DTI-ALPS scores correspond with impaired venous function, leading to increased white matter hyperintensity and perivascular space volume, suggesting a mediating role of DTI-ALPS in these associations.
Feasibility of Hologram-Assisted Bilateral Blood-Brain Barrier Opening in Non-Human Primates.
IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control
October 2024
Focused ultrasound (FUS) and microbubbles facilitate blood-brain barrier opening (BBBO) noninvasively, transiently, and safely for targeted drug delivery. Unlike state-of-the-art approaches, in this study, we demonstrate for the first time the simultaneous, bilateral BBBO in non-human primates (NHPs) using acoustic holograms at caudate and putamen structures. The simple and low-cost system with a single-element FUS transducer and 3-D printed acoustic hologram was guided by neuronavigation and a robotic arm.
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