Epidemiologic trend of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease in Latin America: The Latin American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (LASPGHAN) Working Group.

Introduction And Objectives: The primary aim was to explore the epidemiologic trend of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease in Latin America, and the secondary aims were to obtain an overview of the diagnostic/therapeutic focus of the members of the LASPGHAN and examine the relation of case frequency to year, during the study period.

Materials And Methods: Latin American pediatric gastroenterologists participated in an online survey, conducted through the SurveyMonkey platform, that investigated the yearly frequency of new inflammatory bowel disease patients within the time frame of 2005 to 2016, their disease variety, the gastrointestinal segments affected, and the diagnostic and treatment methods utilized. The correlation of new case frequency with each study year was evaluated.

Results: A total of 607 patients were studied. The diagnoses were ulcerative colitis in 475 (78.3%) cases, Crohn's disease in 104 (17.1%), and inflammatory bowel disease D unclassified in 28 (4.6%). The trend in ulcerative colitis was a lineal increase in the frequency of new cases related to each study year, with a significant correlation coefficient. Pancolitis was found in 67.6% of the patients. The diagnostic methods included clinical data, endoscopy, and biopsies in more than 99% of the cases, and imaging studies were indicated selectively. Drug regimens were limited to 5-aminosalicylic acid derivatives, azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine, infliximab, and adalimumab.

Conclusions: Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease in Latin America appears to have increased during the years included in the study period, with a predominance of moderate or severe ulcerative colitis. That lineal trend suggests the predictive likelihood of a gradual increase in the coming years, with possible epidemiologic and clinical implications.