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Artefact design and societal worldview.
Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci
December 2024
Voestalpine Stahl GmbH, Linz 4020, Austria.
Technological artefacts are created in accordance with the values and worldviews of their designers. In operation, they act as a medium, facilitating and constraining human interaction with, and perception of, the world. When used on a large scale, they may lastingly affect societal ethos.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF'I don't believe in the neutrality of research. OK?' Mapping researchers' attitudes toward values in science.
Account Res
November 2024
Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
: Codes of conduct for research integrity provide ambivalent guidance on the role that the values of society as well as political and economic interests can or should play in scientific research. The development of clearer guidance on this matter in the future should consider the attitudes of researchers.: We conducted 24 semi-structured interviews with holders of grants from the European Research Council and performed an inductive thematic analysis thereof.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEthno-racial categorisations for biomedical studies: the fair selection of research participants and population stratification.
Synthese
October 2024
Faculty of Philosophy, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Szamarzewskiego 89C, Poznań, 60-568 Poland.
We argue that there are neither scientific nor social reasons to require gathering ethno-racial data, as defined in the US legal regulations if researchers have no prior hypotheses as to how to connect this type of categorisation of human participants of clinical trials with any mechanisms that could explain alleged interracial health differences and guide treatment choice. Although we agree with the normative perspective embedded in the calls for the fair selection of participants for biomedical research, we demonstrate that current attempts to provide and elucidate the criteria for the fair selection of participants, in particular, taking into account ethno-racial categories, overlook important epistemic and normative challenges to implement the results of such race-sorting requirements. We discuss existing arguments for and against gathering ethno-racial statistics for biomedical research and present a new one that refers to the assumption that prediction is epistemically superior to accommodation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpistemic Trust in Scientific Experts: A Moral Dimension.
Sci Eng Ethics
May 2024
Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Philosophy, Lange Laube 6, 30159, Hannover, Germany.
In this paper, I develop and defend a moralized conception of epistemic trust in science against a particular kind of non-moral account defended by John (2015, 2018). I suggest that non-epistemic value considerations, non-epistemic norms of communication and affective trust properly characterize the relationship of epistemic trust between scientific experts and non-experts. I argue that it is through a moralized account of epistemic trust in science that we can make sense of the deep-seated moral undertones that are often at play when non-experts (dis)trust science.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOntological pluralism and social values.
Stud Hist Philos Sci
April 2024
Philosophy Program, Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, 10016, USA. Electronic address:
There seems to be an emerging consensus among many philosophers of science that non-epistemic values ought to play a role in the process of scientific reasoning itself. Recently, a number of philosophers have focused on the role of values in scientific classification or taxonomy. Their claim is that a choice of ontology or taxonomic scheme can only be made, or should only be made, by appealing to non-epistemic or social values.
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